Skeletal muscle accounts for a large proportion of insulin-stimulated glucose utilization. It is generally regarded that much of the control over rates of uptake is posited within the proximal steps of delivery, transport, and phosphorylation of glucose, with glucose transport as the main locus of control. Whether insulin modulates the distribution of control across these steps and in what mann...

OBJECTIVE To elucidate the radionuclides and radiochemical impurities included in radiosynthesis processes of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. METHODS Target materials and PET tracers were produced using a cyclotron/synthesis system from Sumitomo Heavy Industry. Positron and γ-ray emitting radionuclides were quantified by measuring radioactivity decay and using the high-purity Ge d...

Information about the times of thermal breakthrough and subsequent rates of thermal drawdown in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) is necessary for reservoir management, designing fracture stimulation and well drilling programs, and forecasting economic return. Thermal breakthrough in heterogeneous porous media can be estimated using conservative tracers and assumptions about heat transfer rates...

The growth of fluorescence imaging technology and the development of sensitive fluorescent retrograde tracers has provided many new approaches for analyzing neuronal circuits. Fluorescent markers provide unparalleled opportunity for combining axonal tract tracing with techniques such as immunohistochemistry or physiological recording. This unit describes the use of six different fluorescent tra...

BACKGROUND The norepinephrine transporter (NET) has been demonstrated to be relevant to a multitude of neurological, psychiatric and cardiovascular pathologies. Due to the wide range of possible applications for PET imaging of the NET together with the limitations of currently available radioligands, novel PET tracers for imaging of the cerebral NET with improved pharmacological and pharmacodyn...

BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have experienced a tremendous boost in the last decade, where more than 15 small molecule TKIs have been approved by the FDA. Unfortunately, despite their promising clinical successes, a large portion of patients remain unresponsive to these targeted drugs. For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the effectiveness of TKIs is dependent on the mutation...

The goal of this study was to discover whether using different tracers affects the measured rate of muscle protein synthesis in human muscle. We therefore measured the mixed muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) in the quadriceps of older adults during basal, postabsorptive conditions and mixed meal feeding (70 mg protein x kg fat-free mass(-1) x h(-1) x 2.5 h) by simultaneous intraven...

Positron emission tomography (PET) with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG), a glucose analog, is widely used throughout the world as an indispensable imaging modality for the management of cancer treatment. This article reviews the pioneering achievements of PET in oncology with a focus on the development of PET that occurred from 1980 through the early-1990s. (18)F-FDG was first applied for ...