It is problematic to withhold therapy in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who presents with acute respiratory failure so that detailed physiological measurements can be obtained. Accordingly, most information on respiratory muscle activity in patients experiencing acute respiratory failure has been acquired by studying patients who fail a trial of weaning after a peri...

This study was designed to investigate the influence of hypoxia-evoked augmented breaths (ABs) on respiratory-related tongue protrudor and retractor muscle activities and inspiratory pump muscle output. Genioglossus (GG) and hyoglossus (HG) electromyogram (EMG) activities and respiratory-related tongue movements were compared with peak esophageal pressure (Pes; negative change in pressure durin...

We studied ventilation and inspiratory muscle activity during progressive isocapnic hypoxia in adult asthmatic patients to determine whether the decreased hypoxic ventilatory response previously identified is due to the mechanical abnormalities of the respiratory system or to low respiratory center output. The mouth pressure produced by inspiratory muscle activity, a reflection of respiratory c...

Inspiratory muscle fatigue has been documented during loaded breathing or acute respiratory failure, but its role in exercise limitation is still undetermined. Electromyographic (EMG) signs of diaphragmatic fatigue develop in normal subjects hyperventilating above 70% of maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), a ventilatory level commonly attained at peak exercise. EMG signs of diaphragmatic fatig...

[Purpose] The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of 4 weeks of fast expiration exercises performed without pressure on respiratory muscle strength. [Subjects and Methods] Respiratory muscle strength of the training group that performed fast expiration exercises (n=12) was compared with that of a control group that performed no exercises (n=12). The fast expiration exercises ...

Older adults' participation in habitual exercise might be affected by alterations to respiratory mechanics such as decreased respiratory-muscle strength. This reduction can cause a decrease in efficiency of the ventilatory pump, potentially compromising exercise participation. This research examined the role of habitual exercise in respiratory-muscle function and the associated implications for...

Hyperinflation clearly affects respiratory muscle interaction. It commonly increases the rib cage contribution to chest wall motion, whilst it reduces the abdominal contribution. This change is thought to result from the fact that hyperinflation severely reduces the mechanical advantage of the diaphragm, whilst it affects the mechanical advantage of the neck and rib cage muscles to a lesser ext...

[Purpose] Fragmentary studies on characteristics of respiratory muscles are being done to increase respiratory capacity by classifying exercises into voluntary respiratory exercise which relieves symptoms and prevents COPD and exercise using breathing exercise equipment. But this study found changes on respiratory pattern through changes on the activity pattern of agonist and synergist respirat...

In newborns and infants a variety of respiratory disorders lead to ventilatory failure. In early life the ventilatory response to loaded breathing is limited. The risk factors of ventilatory failure are related to the developing respiratory pump because of the immaturity of the chest wall, respiratory muscles and coupling between thoracic and abdominal movements. Assessment of respiratory muscl...

muscle diseases constitute a large variety of both acquired and hereditary disorders that can affect muscle structure, metabolism, or the function of the muscle channel. a successful clinical approach to a patient with a suspected myopathy is based on a thorough medical history and neurological examination. associated clinical symptoms such as myoglobinuria, contractures, myotonia, cardiac dise...