Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play a key role in interactions between stromal and hematopoietic cells in bone marrow (BM) and in cell traffic through vascular endothelium. To examine the identity of CAMs involved in these processes in mouse BM, we have investigated the in vivo expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and its counter-receptor, very late antigen-4 (VLA-4). Radioi...

After heterotopic (e.g. subcutaneous) transplantation of bone marrow, haemopoiesis in the graft ceases; reticular tissue develops instead, and later bone is formed (Denis, 1958). The result can be achieved by grafting either free pieces of bone marrow or those placed in diffusion chambers (Petrakova, Tolmacheva & Friedenstein, 1963; Rosin, Freiberg & Sajnek, 1963). In the case of free transplan...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional role of reticular contractions for digesta passage in sheep. Feed intake, mean retention time of fluid and plastic particles in the reticulo-rumen, rumen fluid volume, forestomach motility and particle size distribution in the faeces were determined in five rumen-fistulated sheep fed on hay ad libitum (Expt 1). The same variables were determin...

spleen is an unusual location for hydatid cyst. here we report a case of primary splenic hydatid cyst in a 41-yr-old iranian woman from yasuj, southwest of iran. the patient had been admitted to shahid beheshti hospital because of abdominal pain. abdominal sonography revealed a hypoechoic lesion of 150 x 130 mm in the spleen, suggestive of hydatid cyst. splenectomy was performed for the patient...

The reticular activating system is the part of the brain that maintains the sleep/wake cycle. Any damage to this region can cause hypersomnolence and drowsiness along with altered sensorium. This case presents a patient with cerebellar and midbrain stroke with infarct of the reticular activating system, leading to hypersomnolence, drowsiness, and altered sensorium.

Microinjections of the cholinergic agonist carbachol into a caudal part of the pontine reticular formation of the rat induce a rapid eye movement sleep-like state. This carbachol-sensitive region of the pontine reticular formation is innervated by cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine and laterodorsol tegmental nuclei. The same population of cholinergic neurons also project heavily to the...

Dairy farmers and veterinarians have used body temperatures, most commonly rectal temperatures, to detect and manage febrile disease and changes in the state of cows (estrus and onset of calving) for many years. Mastitis, pneumonia, metritis, lameness, estrus, onset of parturition, heat stress, and subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) are among the physiological conditions potentially correlated wi...

Many investigators have reported on the fine structure of the boundary between dermis and epidermis, but their results were different from one another. Herxheimer (1916), working on the normal and abnormal human skin, pointed out that the cytoplasmic processes of the epithelial cell project toward the dermis and they are intimately associated with the translucent basement membrane which exists ...