BACKGROUND Housing improvements have considerable potential for improving health. So does the provision of insecticide-treated bednets for malaria prevention. Therefore we aimed to conduct updated systematic reviews of health economic analyses in both these intervention domains. METHODS AND FINDINGS The search strategy included economic analyses of housing improvement interventions and use of...

In recent years, there are a lot of wooden houses that is needed seismic retrofitting. We have developed lattice bearing wall suitable for retrofitting tenement style house. It made 12mm structural plywood laid diagonally transparency and ventilation. this study, the performance clarified we proposed simple analysis model as result. was could accurately estimate wall.

Given the current climate emergency and ambitious targets of carbon emissions reduction, retrofitting strategies on existing buildings typically include reducing energy demand, decarbonising power supply, addressing embodied stored in materials. This latter point redefines role engineers transitions towards a sustainable construction sector, being they responsible for designing low impact, neut...

Due to the serious power shortage in Taiwan, many simple cycle gas turbine generation sets (GENSETs) that were originally designated to serve as peak load units are forced to operate continuously during the entire summer season. The retrofitting projects have been seriously considered to convert these GENSETs (which have the advantage of fast startup, but suffer from low power output and therma...

Introduction Retrofitting our current building stock and urban infrastructure is a vital part of meeting emissions reductions targets, using energy and resources in a more efficient way and creating sustainable lifestyles. However, one of the key barriers identified is a lack of appropriate modelling and decision support tools to aid long-term planning for sustainable urban retrofitting. In thi...

System cost reductions and development of standardised plug-and-function systems are some of the most important goals for solar heating technology development. Retrofitting hot water boilers in single-family houses when installing solar collectors has the potential to significantly reduce both material and installation costs. In this study, the TRNSYS simulation models of the retrofitting solar...

The first, and often largest, step toward internationalization of an interactive application is translation of its output messages, prompts, etc. into the desired language. This is typically done with a ‘‘message catalog’’: the program supplies a key of some kind, which is looked up in the catalog to yield the appropriate translation. While this basic approach is impossible to avoid (given the ...

Urbanization itself accounts for a vast amount of energy and cities are centres of resource consumption and buildings can account for 40-60% of the urban energy usage which mostly relies on high Green-House-Gas (GHG) emitting fossil fuels. Climate change and other environmental concerns drive the policy initiatives to be renewable energy oriented. Increasing the share of renewable sources in th...

The notion of fair e-cash schemes was suggested and implemented in the last decade. It balances anonymity with the capability of tracing users and transactions in cases of crime or misbehavior. The issue was raised both, in the banking community and in the cryptographic literature. A number of systems were designed with an off-line fairness, where the tracing authorities get involved only when ...