Background: Mammals utilise an XX/XY system of sex determination in which the Y-linked gene SRY (Sexdetermining region Y) exerts a dominant masculinising influence on sexual development. Sex chromosome homology and comparative sequence studies suggest that SRY evolved from the related SOX3 gene on the X chromosome, although there is no direct functional evidence to support this hypothesis. The ...

We study the String Reversal Distance problem, an extension of the well-known Sorting by Reversals problem. String Reversal Distance takes two strings S and T as input, and asks for a minimum number of reversals to obtain T from S. We consider four variants: String Reversal Distance, String Prefix Reversal Distance (in which any reversal must include the first letter of the string), and the sig...

3) to predict and understand the characteristics of active and passive time reversal methods in shallow ocean waters. Compared to the first two, the third goal is a secondary priority that stems from the legacy of more than a decade of prior work on acoustic time reversal. It is mentioned here because the author of this report does respond to the continuing technical inquiries and collaboration...

Biologically plausible modeling of behavioral reinforcement learning tasks has seen great improvements over the past decades. Less work has been dedicated to tasks involving contingency reversals, i.e., tasks in which the original behavioral goal is reversed one or multiple times. The ability to adjust to such reversals is a key element of behavioral flexibility. Here, we investigate the neural...

In this paper, we prove that there exists a unique, bounded continuous weak solution to the Dirichlet boundary value problem for a general class of second-order elliptic operators with singular coefficients, which does not necessarily have the maximum principle. Our method is probabilistic. The time reversal of symmetric Markov processes and the theory of Dirichlet forms play a crucial role in ...

When time reversal is broken the viscosity tensor can have a non vanishing odd part. In two dimensions, and only then, such odd viscosity is compatible with isotropy. Allowing for odd viscosity leads to a generalization of the wave and Navier-Stokes equations. Elementary features of odd viscosity are examined by considering solutions of these equations for hypothetical fluids where the stress i...