A group signature scheme allows us to anonymously sign a message on behalf of group. One important issues in the signatures is user revocation, and thus lots revocable (RGS) schemes have been proposed so far. applications suitable privacy-enhancing crowdsensing, where mobile sensing users be authenticated hide location. In environment, verifier-local revocation (VLR) type RGS are suitable, sinc...

Brief periods of vascular occlusion followed by reperfusion (I/R) have been shown to confer protection against myocardial injury and necrosis induced by subsequent exposure to prolonged I/R, a phenomenon referred to as ischaemic preconditioning. Initially discovered by Murry et al. in canine hearts 25 years ago, subsequent work has shown that preconditioning induces two periods of protection: a...

Animal heterotrimeric G proteins are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF), typically seven transmembrane receptors that trigger GDP release and subsequent GTP binding. In contrast, the Arabidopsis thaliana G protein (AtGPA1) rapidly activates itself without a GEF and is instead regulated by a seven transmembrane Regulator of G protein Signaling (7TM-RGS) protein that promotes ...

Proteins that interact coevolve their structures. When mutation disrupts the interaction, compensation by the partner occurs to restore interaction otherwise counterselection occurs. We show in this study how a destabilizing mutation in one protein is compensated by a stabilizing mutation in its protein partner and their coevolving path. The pathway in this case and likely a general principle o...

RGS proteins are GTPase activators for heterotrimeric G proteins. We report here the 2.8 A resolution crystal structure of the RGS protein RGS4 complexed with G(i alpha1)-Mg2+-GDP-AlF4 . Only the core domain of RGS4 is visible in the crystal. The core domain binds to the three switch regions of G(i alpha1), but does not contribute catalytic residues that directly interact with either GDP or AlF...

We examined the effects of G-protein beta and gamma subunit heterodimers on human alpha(1B) (N-type) Ca channels expressed in HEK293 cells. All of the known beta subunits (beta1-beta5) produced voltage-dependent inhibition of alpha(1B) Ca channels, depending on the gamma subunit found in the heterodimer. beta1-beta4 subunits inhibited Ca channels when paired with gamma1-gamma3. However, beta5 s...

In the retina, synaptic transmission between photoreceptors and downstream ON-bipolar neurons (ON-BCs) is mediated by a GPCR pathway, which plays an essential role in vision. However, the mechanisms that control signal transmission at this synapse and its relevance to behavior remain poorly understood. In this study we used a genetic system to titrate the rate of GPCR signaling in ON-BC dendrit...

introduction: application of low-frequency stimulation (lfs) is a new method for treatment of drug resistant epileptic patients. previous studies demonstrated that activation of receptors coupled to gi proteins is one of the mechanisms of the anticonvulsant effect of lfs. thus, in this study, alterations in the expression of rgs4 and rgs10 proteins, as negative regulators of gi proteins, were i...

In this paper, we propose a novel contention-based protocol, called Reservation with Grouping Stations (RGS) for the IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF). In the proposed RGS scheme, stations are grouping into the active group, the ready group, and the idle group. Furthermore, stations announce the next frame’s backoff counter beforehand. The proposed scheme is compared with the ...

RGS proteins are negative regulators of signaling through heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors and, as such, are in a position to regulate a plethora of biological phenomena. However, those have just begun to be explored in vivo. Here, we describe a mouse line deficient for Rgs4, a gene normally expressed early on in discrete populations of differentiating neurons and later on at multiple...