Pacific salmon abundance along the West Coast of Canada has been in sharp decline since the early 1990s. Declines have been most severe for coho and chinook salmon despite large additions of hatchery-reared fry and smolts. There is particular concern for populations of wild coho because, in addition to low abundance, up to 80% of the juvenile coho in the coastal waters has been identified as be...

Japan's rice sector is supported by high prices paid by consumers that allow many farm households to maintain small rice farms. Japan's government controls trade within a tariff-rate quota and imposes a prohibitively high tariff on imports outside the quota. Within Japan, diversion programs pay farmers to substitute other crops for rice since, without government-mandated diversion, supply would...

It has often been observed that after sea-cage fish farming begins in a coastal area, nearby wild fish populations steadily or precipitously decline due to elevated levels of pathogens and parasites. Such declines can be understood using three methods, in increasing level of mathematical difficulty: (1) an intuitive approach based on the inverse-square law of radiation applied to parasite trans...

In Greece, up until now, monoculture has been the prevailing fish and shellfish farming system. However, in the last few years, the farmers seek to develop alternative production patterns that could improve the economic performance of their farms through the optimal utilisation of the available resources. The concept of integrated aquaculture is old; however during the last 30 years many author...

This paper describes the potential of aquaponic as a poverty eradication tool in Malaysia. Although Malaysia is recognized as a developed country, poverty is still occurring among Malaysian, especially from rural area. Therefore, aquaponic – a modern farming system is being introduced to benefit the low income family. Aquaponic is the term that described the synergistic combination of aquacultu...

Sustainable development in aquaculture is equivalent to disease prevention, and vaccination has become the single most important tool. There has been a dramatic reduction in use of antibiotics in Norwegian salmon farming since the introduction of oil-based vaccines. Today, it is an industry standard in all salmon-producing countries, and we are seeing a similar approach being adopted in Japan f...

Viral diseases represent a serious problem in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) farming in Norway. Pancreas disease (PD) caused by salmonid alphavirus (SAV) and heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) caused by piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) are among the most frequently diagnosed viral diseases in recent years. The possible spread of viruses from salmon farms to wild fish is a major public c...

We present a model for a host-parasite system in which parasites affect the economy of fish farming. The fish is sea-bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, and the parasite is a helminthic ectoparasite, Diplectanum aequans, which adheres to the branchiae of the host and, when present in sufficient number, kill it by suffocation. The improved model incorporates two important features observed in the fish f...