Issue 1: MPA benefits to fisheries It is crucial to avoid ‘overselling’ MPAs on the basis that increased catches due to spillover and enhanced recruitment from spawning in the MPA will more than make up for lost fishing grounds, increased effort and higher costs of fishers displaced from the MPA. To date, this assumption has never been proven; and spillover is generally measured as movement of ...

low (10), our fi ndings support the use of preventive hygiene measures (4) to minimize zoonotic risk when handling roe deer. The 2 MLVAtyped strains provided no evidence for spillover of the predominant strain involved in the Q fever epidemic in the Netherlands. More studies are required to adequately understand Q fever cycles in wildlife and their relationship with Q fever in domestic animals ...

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This paper estimates the impact of China’s exchange rate changes on exports of competitor countries in third markets, which we call the “spillover effect”. We use recent theory to develop an identification strategy in which competition between China and its developing country competitors in specific products and destinations plays a key role. We exploit the variation— afforded by disaggregated ...

This paper connects theory of learning with theory of governance, in the context of inter-firm relations. It recognizes fundamental criticism of transaction cost economics (TCE), but preserves elements from that theory. The theory of governance used incorporates learning and trust. The paper identifies two kinds of relational risk: hold-up and spillover. For the governance of relations, i.e. th...

Numerical simulations are presented to examine the effect of the lee-side static stability on the spillover of orographic precipitation. The results show that the presence a cold-air pool in the lee of a mountain ridge greatly increases the precipitation spillover because the cold pool suppresses the lee-side downslope air motion that otherwise leads to a rapid evaporation of the precipitation....

Intramuscular (IM) electrodes have been used safely and effectively for decades to activate paralyzed muscles in neuroprosthetic systems employing functional electrical stimulation (FES). However, the response to stimulation delivered by these and any type of electrode can be limited by a phenomenon known as spillover, in which the stimulus intended to produce a contraction in a particular musc...

or provide information about other aspects of sympathetic function. This report examines how cardiac spillover of the norepinephrine metabolite dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) provides additional distinct information about cardiac sympathetic function. Methods and Results. Arterial and coronary venous blood samples were taken during cardiac catheterization and intravenous infusion of [3Hlnorepinep...