Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor which improves cognitive function and is currently being used in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's and Alzheimer's dementia. This drug can be given orally or topically, as transdermal patch. The latter form is currently used for most excellent compliance and few side effects. The most common cutaneous side effects are irritative dermatitis. We...

Metoprolol, a widely used adrenoreceptor blocking drug, is commonly administered as the succinate or tartrate salt. The structure of metoprolol succinate, C(15)H(26)NO(3) (+)·0.5C(4)H(4)O(4) (2-), is characterized by the presence of ribbons in which cations, generated by N-protonation of the metoprolol mol-ecules, are hydrogen bonded to succinate anions. The dicarboxylic acid transfers its H at...

BACKGROUND Delirium is a common disorder in the early phase of stroke. Given the presumed cholinergic deficiency in delirium, we tested treatment with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine. METHODS This pilot study was performed within an epidemiological study. In 527 consecutive stroke patients presence of delirium was assessed during the first week with the confusion assessment me...

OBJECTIVES Quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) can be used to measure the effects of drugs on the brain. We studied the effects of rivastigmine on the qEEG in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with dementia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Demented PD patients (n=19) were treated with rivastigmine in an open label study. Recordings were obtained prior to and following 12 weeks of treatment. Results...

PURPOSE Alzheimer s disease is characterized by a dysfunction of central cholinergic systems and is treated by inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This study tests the effect of two AChE inhibitors in therapeutic use, rivastigmine and donepezil, in mice that are devoid of AChE (AChE-/- mice). Rivastigmine is an inhibitor of both AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) whereas donepezil is ...

While establishing methods for the control of spoilage in the tartrate recovery plants of California, Vaughn et al. (1943a,b; 1946) isolated a number of D-tartrate-decomposing microorganisms, including several mesophilic clostridia. These organisms, among the most active fermenters of D-tartrate, are of historical as well as economic interest, for it was in a tartrate medium that Pasteur (1863)...

Hypertrichosis is the excessive hair growth in any area of the skin surface. Acquired localized hypertrichosis may be secondary to multiple causes and there is a secondary form due to several drugs, which is usually reversible with discontinuation of the causative agent. Rivastigmine is a reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase used for symptomatic...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate safety and tolerability of switching from donepezil to rivastigmine transdermal patch in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Prospective, parallel-group, open-label study to evaluate immediate or delayed switch from 5-10 mg/day donepezil to 4.6 mg/24 h rivastigmine following a 4-week treatment period. RESULTS Rates of discontinuation due to any rea...

The reaction of di-2-pyridyl ketone with copper dichloride dihydrate and tartaric acid in water afforded the title compound, [Cu(C(11)H(10)N(2)O(2))(2)]C(4)H(4)O(6). The Cu(II) atom lies on an inversion center N,O,N'-chelated by two di-2-pyridylmethane-diol ligands in a tetragonally distorted octa-hedral geometry. The tartrate anion is also located on an inversion center and has disordered hydr...