Multigap resistive plate chambers [1] with 0.3-mm gas gaps operated in avalanche mode at atmospheric pressure have reached timing accuracies below 50 ps (standard deviation) with efficiencies above 99% [2]. The avalanches in high homogeneous electric fields of 100 kV/cm are strongly influenced by space charge effects which are the main topic of this paper. We extend a previously discussed Monte...

Granular avalanches are one of the fundamental grain transport mechanisms in our natural environment and in many industrial grain-processing flows. In recent years significant progress has been made in describing the flow of granular avalanches over complex rigid topography. Often the fluid-like granular avalanches flow over a region of solid-like grains at which there may be erosion or deposit...

Article history: Received 4 February 2011 Received in revised form 1 June 2011 Accepted 2 June 2011 Electron avalanches are the main constituent of electrical discharges in the atmosphere. However, the electromagnetic radiation field generated by a single electron avalanche growing in different field configurations has not yet been evaluated in the literature. In this paper, the electromagnetic...

We study avalanches in a model for a planar crack propagating in a disordered medium. Due to long-range interactions, avalanches are formed by a set of spatially disconnected local clusters, the sizes of which are distributed according to a power law with an exponent tau{a}=1.5. We derive a scaling relation tau{a}=2tau-1 between the local cluster exponent tau{a} and the global avalanche exponen...

Many physical systems respond to slowly changing external force through avalanches spanning broad range of sizes. Some systems crackle even without apparent external force, such as bursts of neuronal activity or charge transfer avalanches in 2D molecular layers. Advanced development of theoretical models describing disorder-induced critical phenomena calls for experiments probing the dynamics u...

Abstract: The distribution of the magnitudes of damage avalanches during a failure process typically follows a power law. When these avalanches are recorded close to the point at which the system fails catastrophically, we find that the power law has an exponent which differs from the one characterizing the size distribution of all avalanches. We demonstrate this analytically for bundles of man...

We investigate the magnetization reversal processes on classes of complex spin networks with antiferromagnetic interactions along the network links. With slow field ramping the hysteresis loop and avalanches of spin flips occur due to topological inhomogeneity of the network without disorder. We study in detail properties of the magnetization avalanches, hysteresis curves and density of domain ...

A series of automatic time-lapse cameras installed along the southwestern side Tasiapik Valley, near village Umiujaq, Nunavik (northern Québec) documented several departure modes and types snow involved in avalanches during winter 2017–2018. These included cornice–avalanche dynamics, slab loose avalanches, clean dirty avalanches. At top selected slope, a camera monitored development cornice beg...

Complex collective activity emerges spontaneously in cortical circuits in vivo and in vitro, such as alternation of up and down states, precise spatiotemporal patterns replay, and power law scaling of neural avalanches. We focus on such critical features observed in cortical slices. We study spontaneous dynamics emerging in noisy recurrent networks of spiking neurons with sparse structured conn...

Abstract. The fracturing and fragmentation of rock blocks are important phenomena that occur ubiquitously during the propagation avalanches. Here, movement a rectangular block characterized by different joint sets along an upper sloped lower horizontal plane is simulated using discrete element method (DEM) models. pattern set allows to break weak planes at onset fragmentation. With this design,...