The repetition of droughts in France has led to a growing demand for irrigation water and consequently to an increase in requests for the construction of small farm dams. Although such dams are small, their accumulation in a basin affects river flows, because the water collected in these small farm dams is used for irrigation and thus does not contribute to river flow. In order to gain more ins...

A dam may fail when the loading (overtopping flood, flow through or beneath the dam, earthquake or blasting loading, terrorist attacks, deterioration etc.) exceeds the resistance against overtopping, internal erosion, slope instability, sliding/overturning, excessive deformation etc. To properly describe the causes of dam failures, it is necessary to study characteristics of the dams which have...

E nvironmentalists often go to great lengths to block the construction of new dams because dams interfere with fish migration, inundate terrestrial habitats, and interrupt natural flows that are necessary for critical ecosystem processes. However, few environmental issues are so simplistically black and white, and dams are no exception. Dams can be an important source of clean energy and for po...

Abstract There is a need of reducing the uncertainty in traffic loading-induced settlements within railway embankments. A previously developed model for unbound stone-based materials has been implemented modelling rockfill Particles were represented by simple breakable tetrahedral clumps spheres with four asperities each. Both corner breakage and particle splitting allowed. Embankments heights ...

Check-dams are the most common structures for controlling soil erosion in the Loess Plateau. However, the effect of check-dams on carbon sequestration, along with sediment transport and deposition, has not been assessed over large areas. In this study, we evaluated the carbon sequestration function of check-dams in the Loess Plateau. The results indicate that there were approximately 11 000 che...

Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to chlorpyrifos (CPF; O,O-diethyl-O-[3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl] phosphorothioate) by gavage (in corn oil) from gestation day (GD) 6 to postnatal day (PND) 10. Dosages to the dams were 0 (control), 0.3 (low), 1.0 (middle) or 5.0 mg/kg/day (high). On GD 20 (4 h post gavage), the blood CPF concentration in fetuses was about one half the level found in th...

Angus x Hereford heifers (15 mo and artificially inseminated to a single sire) were used to evaluate the effect of prenatal nutritional restriction on postnatal growth and development. At d 32 of gestation, dams were stratified by BW and BCS and allotted to a low-nutrition [55% of NRC (1996) requirements, n = 10] or moderate-nutrition [100% of NRC (1996) requirements, n = 10] diet. After 83 d o...

The present paper considers aspects of underground iron ore mining in Ukraine, particular the level mine production and reserves basic fields. It analyzes generalizes practice using cemented rockfill under difficult hydrogeological conditions Pivdenno-Bilozerske high-grade field. Belozersky district is only one Ukraine that, without any technological cycle beneficiation, can provide both domest...

Discrete piles are used to stabilise infrastructure slopes, especially where there is insufficient additional land to allow construction of large toe berms or regrading of the slope. Compared with more conventional structures such as retaining walls, there are few field data on how discrete piles typically bend and displace under slope loading. This paper presents the results from monitoring a ...