Background and purpose: To determine the effectiveness of novel two Er:YAG lasers, photon-initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS\SSP) shock wave-enhanced emission (SWEEPS\AutoSWEEPS) in terms removal Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) with or without antimicrobial agents (NaOCl chlorhexidine gluconate). 
 Methods: Forty-two extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were prepared, ster...

BACKGROUND A number of aberrant walruses (Odobenidae) have been described from the Neogene of the North Pacific, including specialized suction-feeding and generalist fish-eating taxa. At least one of these fossil walruses has been hypothesized to have been a specialized predator of other marine mammals, the middle Miocene walrus Pelagiarctos thomasi from the Sharktooth Hill Bonebed of Californi...

Mandibular premolars have earned the reputation for having aberrant anatomy. The occurrence of three canals with three separate (type V, Vertucci) foramina in mandibular premolars is very rare. If one is to treat mandibular premolar teeth with three canals predictably, it is necessary to be aware of their clinical and radiographic anatomy. These teeth may also require special shaping and obtura...

BACKGROUND The anatomic shape of maxillary premolars show a tendency towards separation of their cusps during mastication after endodontic treatment. Preservation of the marginal ridge of endodontically treated and restored premolars can act as a strengthening factor and improve the fracture resistance. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of varying thickness of marginal ridge on the fracture r...

Context:
 An intraorifice barrier after endodontic therapy could remarkably mitigate the movement of bacteria and their by-products improve long-term prognosis a root canal treated teeth by serving as barriers against fluid bacterial ingress.
 Aims:
 The idea present study was to compare coronal microleakage in with 2-mm 3mm Bulkfill flowable composite, Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)...

Computer image monitoring was used for evaluation of dental arch changes. A new special device captured geometrically calibrated images permitting comparison of several different dental casts. In the first part of this study 792 sets of study casts were screened. Measurements of dental arch width between reference points of canines, first premolars and first molars were made: upper jaw: men: ca...

We consider the one-variable characteristic polynomial p(G; ) in two settings. When G is a rooted digraph, we show that this polynomial essentially counts the number of sinks in G. When G is a rooted graph, we give combinatorial interpretations of several coe/cients and the degree of p(G; ). In particular, |p(G; 0)| is the number of acyclic orientations of G, while the degree of p(G; ) gives th...

Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars is an extremely rare dental anomaly with only 5 cases reported to date. This case report presents clinical and radiographic findings of isolated bilateral macrodontia in a 12-year-old child. The patient was referred to the clinic with local crowding of mandibular posterior teeth. Radiographic findings revealed the presence of impacte...