Maassab, H. F. (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor), and J. A. Veronelli. Characteristics of serially propagated monkey kidney cell cultures with persistent rubella infection. J. Bacteriol. 91:436-441. 1966.-A persistent infection of LLC-MK(2) cells with rubella virus has been established and maintained for over 3 years. This "carrier culture," designated as LLC-MK(2)-RAL, possesses distinct mor...

A precipitating antigen, rho, was first detected in the blood of persons with rubella and in rubella virus-infected cell culture fluids (1). Partially purified antigens from both sources were examined and shown to have similar properties, although antigen from serum sedimented more heterogeneously, with estimated coefficients from 15 to 21 S, while that from culture fluids sedimented in the 11-...

BACKGROUND Rubella infection can affect several organs and cause birth defects that are responsible for congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Congenital hearing loss is the most common symptom of this syndrome, occurring in approximately 60% of CRS cases. Worldwide, over 100 000 babies are born with CRS every year. There is no specific treatment for rubella, but the disease is preventable by vacci...

Monoclonal antibodies to human immunoglobulin M (IgM) were used in a four-phase enzyme immunofluorescence "capture" assay for determination of IgM antibodies to measles and rubella viruses. Little or no background reactivity was seen in the test system, and interfering effects of rheumatoid factor were avoided by preabsorption of test sera with aggregated human IgG. Virus-specific IgM antibody ...

The paper deals with a review article of nervous system disorders caused by rubella virus (RV) infection. The diseases are categorized as acute and chronic, the former consists of acute encephalitis and peripheral neuropathy, and the latter congenital rubella syndrome and progressive rubella panencephalitis. Acute rubella encephalitis occurs one case per 6,000 rubella patients either at viremia...

Primary infection of HEp-2 cells with rubella virus resulted in non-cytophatic long-term persistent infection. During four years of persistence the virus was produced in sufficient quantities (up to 6 logs PFU/ml) and did not differ from the parental variant in its pathogenicity for BHK-21 or RK-13 cells, or hemagglutinating activity, but formed smaller plaques. Persistent virus preserved the o...

A congenital rubella syndrome (Box 1) is rare in Canada, it does still occur. Many women immigrate to Canada from countries without a rubella vaccination program and may not have adequate immunity. In 2002, only 124 (58%) of 214 countries or territories around the world had implemented a rubella vaccination program. An Australian study found that women born in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and South...

Five cases of asymptomatic maternal reinfection with rubella are described that occurred in England and Wales during 1985-8 and resulted in intrauterine infection. The criteria for diagnosing reinfection are described. In four cases the rubella contact was with the woman's own children. Two women had therapeutic abortions, rubella virus being recovered from the products of conception, and three...

MATERIALS AND METHODS Virus Two strains of rubella virus were used, Judith (McCarthy & Taylor-Robinson, 1965) and Thomas, the latter having been isolated at St Thomas's Hospital in 1966 from an infant with congenital rubella. Judith was propagated in both RK 13 and BHK-21 cell cultures. Since its original isolation, Thomas had been passed eight times in RK 13 and BHK-21 cell cultures. Titres of...

A modified rubella virus plaque neutralization test for measuring rubella antibody was developed based on the potentiation of the virus-antibody complex by heterologous anti-immunoglobulin. The test is highly sensitive, yielding titers on the average 50 to 100 times higher than the haemagglutination inhibition test or the conventional plaque neutralization test. The sensitivity of this enhanced...