Data from seven beef steer trials were compiled and regression analyses used to evaluate relationships among molar proportions of acetate (Ac), propionate (Pr) and butyrate (Bu), total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA), rumen ammonia (NH3), rumen pH, rumen fluid dilution rate (FDR), rumen fluid volume (FVOL), body weight (WT), dry matter intake (DMI) and dietary concentration and inta...

Vaccination through recombinant proteins against rumen methanogenesis provides a mitigation approach to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions in ruminants. The objective of present study was to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of a new vaccine candidate protein (EhaF) on methanogenesis and microbial population in the rumen of goats. We amplified the gene mru 1407 encoding protein EhaF using fresh...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two feed supplements on rumen bacterial communities of heifers fed a high grain diet. Six Holstein-Friesian heifers received one of the following dietary treatments according to a Latin square design: no supplement (control, C), 60 g/day of fumarate-malate (organic acid, O) and 100 g/day of polyphenol-essential oil (P). Rumen fl...

The saliva of sheep was shown to contain significant concentrations of uric acid (16 (SD 4.5) pmol/l) and allantoin (120 (SD 16.4) pmol/l), sufficient to recycle purine derivatives equivalent to about 0.10 of the normal urinary excretion. When allantoin was incubated in vitro in rumen fluid, it was degraded a t a rate sufficient to ensure complete destruction of recycled allantoin. In a series ...

Three groups of five rumen and duodenum cannulated fauna-free sheep were used in a 28 d experiment. One group remained fauna-free, whereas the second (EN) and third (PP) groups, respectively, were inoculated intraruminally with the protozoan species Entodinium caudatum and Polyplastron multivesiculatum. Rumen fluid, duodenal digesta and faecal samples were collected during the last 12 d. The fl...

The in sacco protein and protein-free dry matter rumen degradability of three feeds, concentrate, alfalfa hay and maize silage, was determined simultaneously in three animal species: four Mediterranean buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls, four Friesian bulls and four Delle Langhe rams, which received four diets differing in forage:concentrate ratio (1 5 87.5:12.5; 0.75 2 5 75.0:25.0; 3 5 62.5:37.5;...

Rumen-fistulated lactating cows were individually fed on hay or silage and intakes were monitored during 3 h treatment periods and for 2 h after. Each experiment used five, six or seven animals and the treatments were applied in a Latin Square design. Sodium acetate infusions of 1.8-11.0 mol in 4.5 litres water caused a dose-related depression in hay intake, the extent being 82 g dry matter (DM...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of the Sanguisorba officinalis tannin extract (SOTE) on in vitro methane production, rumen microorganisms and basic rumen fermentation parameters. SOTE contained 451 mg g-1 of total tannins was tested at different doses (0, 1, 4, 10, 20, 40 and 100 mg of SOTE per vessel; the input of tannins was 0, 1.3, 5.1, 12.8, 25.6, 5...

Anaerobic, gram-negative, butyric acid-producing, curved rods have been isolated from the rumen of cattle and sheep by Hungate (1950), Huhtanen and Gall (1952), Wilson (1953), Maki and Foster (1957), and Gill and King (1958). Bryant and Small (1956) established a new genus, Butyrivibrio, for monotrichous strains of these bacteria. Organisms of this genus probably contribute significantly to the...