To evaluate a ruminal probe for recording diurnal variation in rumen pH, we fitted three ruminally fistulated cows with probes affixed to the inside of the cannula. Probes were connected to a data logger and readings were recorded hourly. The experiment was a Latin square design with cows fed three different diets: 50, 60, and 70% grain as a total mixed rations once daily. Feed offerings and re...

Direct-fed microbials (DFM) have been shown to improve gain and growth efficiency and also modulate ruminal fermentation. In Exp. 1,72 beef steers were used to compare a lactate-producing bacterial (LAB) DFM consisting primarily of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Enterococcus faecium,and a lactate-producing and lactate-utilizing (LAB/LU) DFM consisting primarily of L. acidophilus and Propionibact...

Abstract The objective was to determine if a 7-day lactic acid adaptation in cannulated steers affected ruminal fermentation during an acidosis challenge. Steers (n=18; 790 ± 68 kg) were assigned one of two treatments: control (CON) 500 mL H2O or 1 mM DL-Lactic solution per kg steer BW (LAC). dosed with treatments via the cannula prior feeding for seven days period. diet consisted 25% corn sila...

The study addressed the importance of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) viability for reducing the incidence of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) and improving total tract nutrient digestibility in beef heifers. Six ruminally cannulated beef heifers (680 ± 50 kg BW) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design and were fed a diet consisting of 40% barley silage, 10% chopped grass hay, and ...

Six ruminally cannulated steers, five Holsteins and one Hereford (250 to 295 kg), were fed 84% forage sorghum silage plus 16% supplement or 50% forage sorghum silage plus concentrate and supplement diets containing either no addition (controls), 1% sodium bicarbonate (NaI-1CO 3 ) or 2% sodium bentonite in a 2 X 3 factorial arrangement of treatments in a 6 • 6 Latin-square experiment with 3-wk p...

Ruminal samples were collected at slaughter from 364 unfasted steers fed different finishing diets to obtain information on numbers and species distribution of ciliated protozoa in feedlot cattle. Total numbers of protozoa averaged 1.59 X 10(5)/g of ruminal contents. A total of 47 steers (12.9%) were defaunated, but 4.1% of the steers possessed numbers of protozoa greater than 10(6)/g. Entodini...

The objectives were to characterize the effects of supplemental CP concentration and ruminal degradability in barley-based finishing diets on microbial protein synthesis, ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion, and route and chemical form of N excretion in beef cattle. Four Angus heifers (564 ± 18 kg BW) with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in an experiment designed as a 4 × 4 Lati...

Urea transport across the gastrointestinal tract involves transporters of the urea transporter-B group, the regulation of which is poorly understood. The classical stimulatory effect of CO(2) and the effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) on the ruminal recycling of urea were investigated by using Ussing chamber and microelectrode techniques with isolated ruminal epithelium of sheep. The flux...

this experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of adaptation period to oak leave's tannin on rumen ph and ammonia, rumen microbial population, gas production and dry matter true digestibility (ivtdmd) in alamout goat’s rumen (with no previous history of oak leaf consumption) compared with markhoz goat (with previous history of oak leaf consumption). the goats were fed either oak...

Acute ruminal acidosis is a metabolic status defined by decreased blood pH and bicarbonate, caused by overproduction of ruminal D-lactate. It will appear when animals ingest excessive amount of nonstructural carbohydrates with low neutral detergent fiber. Animals will show ruminal hypotony/atony with hydrorumen and a typical parakeratosis-rumenitis liver abscess complex, associated with a pleth...