Using new household survey data for 1995 and 2002, we investigate the size of China’s urban-rural income gap, the gap’s contribution to overall inequality in China, and the factors underlying the gap. Our analysis improves on past estimates by using a fuller measure of income, adjusting for spatial price differences and including migrants. Our methods include inequality decomposition by populat...

OBJECTIVE The paper examines whether out-of-pocket health care expenditure also has regional discrepancies, comparing to the equity between urban and rural areas, and across households. METHOD Sampled data were derived from Urban Household Survey and Rural Household Survey data for 2011/2012 for Anhui Province, and 11049 households were included in this study. The study compared differences i...

BACKGROUND To examine urban-rural differences in the severity of non-fatal disease and injury using the latest household interview survey data of Hunan Province, China. METHODS Two-week illness data were from the first provincial health household interview survey of Hunan in 2013. The proportion of patients being bedridden, the average days of being bedridden and the average off-work days wer...

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical exposure to the trapezius muscle activity in female weavers for a prolonged period in the workstation A (suggested by previous studies) and workstation B (proposed by the present study). METHODS Electromyography data were collected from nine females during four hours for each ergonomically designed workstation at the Ergonomics ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The prevalence of single-person households has rapidly increased in Korea. Individuals living alone and in rural areas may have a higher risk of various metabolic diseases due to differences in lifestyle. However, few studies have investigated the association of household size and residential area with health-related problems. This study aimed to evaluate the association of hous...

In this paper, the author first reviewed studies of migration and development in developing countries. Then, by linking the macro-and microapproaches, he presented a multilevel contextual analysis of migration based on a baseline survey in the rural areas of Guangdong province, China in 1995 to evaluate the impacts of migration policy, rural community development, individual and household chara...

Rural People’s Perception of Poverty in China Subjective Poverty Line methodology is applied to rural China 2002 using a sample from 22 provinces. Respondents were asked two questions: one on amount of food necessary and another on amount of cash necessary for their households. The respondent’s perception of how much cash is needed varies profoundly and positively by income in the county where ...