An increasing number of cryptographic primitives use operations such as addition modulo 2, multiplication by a constant and bitwise Boolean functions as a source of non-linearity. In NIST’s SHA-3 competition, this applies to 6 out of the 14 second-round candidates. In this paper, we generalize such constructions by introducing the concept of S-functions. An S-function is a function that calcula...

(1) BACKGROUND: Transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) is a member of the TRP channels family of Ca(2+)-permeant channels. The proteins of some TRP channels are highly expressed in cancer cells. This study aimed to assess the clinical significance and biological functions of TRPV3 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); (2) METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressio...

Casein kinase 2 interacting protein 1 (CKIP1) is a specific interacting protein of the casein kinase 2 (CK2) α subunit, and, by binding CK2 and other proteins, functions as an adaptor to regulate a series of cellular functions. Previous studies suggested that CKIP1 might play an important role in regulating oncogenic activities. However, few studies examining the function of CKIP1 in cancer cel...

For the problem of constructing smooth functions over arbitrary surfaces from discrete data, we propose to use Loop’s subdivision functions as the interpolants. Results on the existence, uniqueness and error bound of the interpolants are established. An efficient progressive computation algorithm for the interpolants is also presented. Mathematics subject classification:

In this paper we establish some new inequalities for differentiable functions based on concavity and s-convexity. We also prove several Hadamard-type inequalities for products of two convex and s-convex functions. 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Applications of discretized light-cone quantization (DLCQ) to (3+1)-dimensional Yukawa theory with Pauli– Villars regulators and of supersymmetric DLCQ (SDLCQ) to (2+1)-dimensional super Yang–Mills theory are discussed. The ability of these methods to provide wave functions as well as spectra is emphasized.

We reconsider the CES production functions, focusing on their additive separability properties and the constraints these impose on dual elasticites of gross substitution and complementarity. In particular, we offer some alternative characterizations of the (standard) homogeneous cases that seem to have gone unnoticed, as far as we know. We also start exploring the cases of the (additively separ...

We consider the separation problem for sets X that are inverse images of a given set S by a linear mapping. Classical examples occur in integer programming, complementarity problems and other optimization problems. One would like to generate valid inequalities that cut off some point not lying in X , without reference to the linear mapping. Formulas for such inequalities can be obtained through...