a emph{signed graph} (or, in short, emph{sigraph}) $s=(s^u,sigma)$ consists of an underlying graph $s^u :=g=(v,e)$ and a function $sigma:e(s^u)longrightarrow {+,-}$, called the signature of $s$. a emph{marking} of $s$ is a function $mu:v(s)longrightarrow {+,-}$. the emph{canonical marking} of a signed graph $s$, denoted $mu_sigma$, is given as $$mu_sigma(v) := prod_{vwin e(s)}sigma(vw).$$the li...

background: strongyloidiasis is mostly an asymptomatic infection and diagnosis of latent infec­tions is difficult due to limitations of current parasitological and serological methods. this study was conducted to set up a pcr-based method for molecular diagnosis of strongyloides stercor­alis infection by detection of copro-dna in stool samples. methods: a total of 782 fresh stool samples were c...

‎‎in this paper‎, ‎we define fuzzy subnexuses over a nexus $n$‎. ‎define and study the notions of the prime fuzzy subnexuses and the fractions‎‎induced by them‎. ‎finally‎, ‎we show that if s is a meet‎‎closed subset of the set fsub(n), ‎of fuzzy subnexuses of a nexus n‎, ‎and‎‎h= ⋀s ϵ s, ‎then the fractions s^-1 n and h^-1 n are isomorphic as meet-semilattices‎.

let $pi_e(g)$ be the set of element orders of a finite group $g$‎. ‎let $nse(g)={m_nmid ninpi_e(g)}$‎, ‎where $m_n$ be the number of elements of order $n$ in $g$‎. ‎in this paper‎, ‎we prove that if $nse(g)=nse(l_2(81))$‎, ‎then $gcong l_2(81)$‎.

let $g$ be a simple graph. an independent set is a set ofpairwise non-adjacent vertices. the number of vertices in a maximum independent set of $g$ isdenoted by $alpha(g)$. in this paper, we characterize graphs $g$ with $n$ vertices and with maximumnumber of maximum independent sets provided that $alpha(g)leq 2$ or $alpha(g)geq n-3$.

Self-incompatibility has been studied by using controlled pollination, pollen tube growth and PCR methods in the Iranian almond ‘Mamaei.’. Pollen tube growth and fruit set following self and cross-pollination treatments were evaluated. The percentage of initial and final fruit set was determined for each treatment at 30 and 60 days after controlled pollination. Pollen germination and pollen ...