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The interpretability of Machiavelli’s political thought relates, in the most part, to the concept of virtue and its dimensions. In Western thought, this concept has had continuity and has reached the Renaissance and Machiavelli’s times. In the Roman and Medieval tradition, philosophical, verbal, religious and even literary and historical approaches were dominant in the clarification and explana...

The Mind-Body Problem, which constitutes the starting point for a large part of the speculations about consciousness and conscious experience, can be re-stated in an equivalent way, using the ‘brain duplication’ argument described in this paper. If we assume that consciousness follows from a peculiar organization of physical matter and energy, namely that it does not transcend physical reality,...

The recent analysis of De la Torre, Daleo and García-Mata of the reply of Bohr to the famous clock-in-the-box challenge of Einstein is criticized. Recently, De la Torre, Daleo and García-Mata (TDG) [1] have subjected to a 'careful and irreverent' analysis the arguments of Einstein and Bohr in their dialog concerning the famous clock-in-the-box gedanken experiment devised by Einstein in an attem...

The Mind-Body Problem, which constitutes the starting point for a large part of the speculations about consciousness and conscious experience, can be re-stated in an equivalent way, using the ‘brain duplication’ argument described in this paper. If we assume that consciousness follows from a peculiar organization of physical matter and energy, namely that it does not transcend physical reality,...

© Informal Logic Vol. 26, No. 2 (2006): pp. 121-147.

with respent to the objectives of an islamic state, mohaghegh tusi observes three major functions for a state: the explanation of divine commands (iftah), judgment and adjudication, and policy making. the welfare of the muslems, in his point of view, is an element which has a central role in accomplishing these functions and determines their limitations. the specific functions of a state, resul...

this paper is an inquiry concerning the function of religion in tocqueville’s theory of democracy. in analyzing the ideology of democracy in america, he stated that religion plays an important role in establishing democracy, protecting it against threats such as materialism, individualism, tyranny of majority, focusing of power, and restriction of freedom versus equality. tocqueville explains t...