Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer treatment that combines the specificity of antibodies for targeting tumors with the toxicity induced by photon absorbers after irradiation with NIR light. The purpose of this study was to determine if MR imaging can detect changes in the MR properties of tumor within several hours of NIR-PIT. A431 cells were injected subcutaneously in t...

Recent work published in the accompanying paper used a combination of 3D morphological reconstruction to define optical spread functions and heat transfer physics to study how external heat energy would reach the sensory membrane within the facial pit of pitvipers. The results from all of the species examined indicated asymmetric directional sensitivity, e.g. the pit would preferentially respon...

Members of the SLC20 family or type III Na(+) -coupled P(i) cotransporters (PiT-1, PiT-2) are ubiquitously expressed in mammalian tissue and are thought to perform a housekeeping function for intracellular P(i) homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that PiT-1 and PiT-2 mediate electrogenic P(i) cotransport when expressed in Xenopus oocytes, but only limited kinetic characterizations were mad...

The membrane receptors for the gibbon ape leukemia retrovirus and the amphotropic murine retrovirus serve normal cellular functions as sodium-dependent phosphate transporters (Pit-1 and Pit-2, respectively). Our earlier studies established that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by treatment of cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) enhanced sodium-dependent phosphate (Na/Pi) uptake...

Anti-PIT-1 antibody syndrome has recently been reported and characterized by acquired growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiencies associated with autoimmunity to a pituitary specific transcription factor PIT-1, which plays an essential role in GH-, PRL-, and TSH-producing cells. Although circulating anti-PIT-1 antibody and PIT-1-reactive cytotoxic T ...

The co-repressor proteins SMRT and NCoR concentrate in specific subnuclear compartments and function with DNA-binding factors to inhibit transcription. To provide detailed mechanistic understanding of these activities, this study tested the hypothesis that functional interactions with transcription factors, such as the pituitary-gland-specific Pit-1 homeodomain protein, direct the subnuclear or...

Identification of the neural pathways involved in retraining the spinal central pattern generators (CPGs) by afferent input in the absence of descending supraspinal control is feasible in isolated rodent spinal cords where the locomotor CPGs are potently activated by sacrocaudal afferent (SCA) input. Here we study the involvement of sacral neurons projecting rostrally through the ventral funicu...

The extradural space is currently investigated through fluoroscopy and ultrasound for surgical approach, whereas magnetic resonance imaging has been used to provide detailed information. The aim of the present paper is to describe the radiologic anatomy of the sacral canal through a review of its appearance in the different radiologic techniques. CT is able to visualise also the sacrum and the ...

The authors report on an important differential diagnosis of back pain in a pregnant woman caused by an atraumatic insufficiency sacral fracture. This diagnosis is a rare entity in pregnant patients and may often be overlooked due to nescience by the treating physicians. The authors discuss the diagnostic and treatment options in undisplaced sacral fractures and their successful natural treatme...

Introduction: Pit craters are circular to elliptical collapse features that commonly occur in alignments (chains) and that coalesce into troughs [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. We have begun systematically mapping the regional distribution of pit chains in the western hemisphere of Mars using the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) data. Pit chains are most prominent in the Alba Patera region and along the Vall...