Given an obstacle strewn field through which both a predator and a prey must navigate without collision, it is of interest to determine which parts of free space afford an opportunity for the prey to escape to a safe haven with the predator in pursuit and how best to achieve this escape. When the obstacle field is initially unknown this information can not be determined ‘ab-initio’ but is subje...

The rapid, degenerate 1,2-hydride shift in 2,3-dimethyl-2-butyl cation in stable solution in SbF5/ S02C1F was perturbed by deuterium and 13C leading to splittings observed by 13C NMR spectros­ copy over a range of temperatures. Accurate values for equilibrium isotope effects were obtained from these data. Theoretical calculations of the equilibrium isotope effects were performed using the Gauss...

1 Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, 2 Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, 3 Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, 4 University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States, 5 Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States,...

OBJECTIVES To develop and assess the validity of measures of patients' attachment-related perceptions of experiences with healthcare providers (HCPs). SETTING Online survey. PARTICIPANTS 181 people provided consent and 119 completed the survey (66%). Most participants were women (80%). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Questions were developed to assess possible attachment functions ...

1 Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, 2 Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, 3 Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, 4 Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States ...

Thin capitalization rules (TCRs) aim to mitigate profit shifting by multinational corporations (MNCs) but, raising the cost of capital for affected affiliates, can also negatively affect real investment. Exploiting unique panel data on companies in 34 countries during 2006-2014, we estimate that size this adverse investment effect be large, and dependent statutory corporate tax rate tightness s...

Introduction: The atmosphere of Mars, unlike that of the Earth, does little to attenuate incoming ultraviolet radiation. Such large amounts of ultraviolet radiation are known not only to sterilize the hardiest of terrestrial organisms within minutes [1], but to chemically alter the soil such that organic molecules in the upper few cm are rapidly destroyed [2]. Thus the survival of any putative ...