A bowing is a sequence of bow motions that enable a piece of music to be played on a string instrument with an appropriate interpretation and sound. Traditional notation shows only the bow direction for a few notes. We propose a bowing model, which contains information about the bowings of all the notes, and we show how the bowing model can be represented in software and describe how algorithms...

PURPOSE The human femur has long been considered to have an anatomical anterior curvature in the sagittal plane. We established a new method to evaluate the femoral curvature in three-dimensional (3D) space and reveal its influencing factors in Chinese population. METHODS 3D models of 426 femurs and the medullary canal were constructed using Mimics software. We standardized the positions of a...

The purpose of this study is to compare clinical characteristics and surgical outcome of atypical complete femoral fractures associated with bisphosphonates (BPs) use and those of fractures not associated with BPs use. Seventy-six consecutive patients (81 fractures) who had been operatively treated for a complete atypical femoral fracture were recruited. Of the 81 fractures, 73 occurred after B...

RATIONALE Bilateral discoid medial menisci is an extremely rare abnormality of the knee joint. The presence of a discoid medial meniscus has been associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiographic changes in the tibial region, such as cupping of the medial tibial plateau and tibial physis collapse. While discoid medial meniscal tears with hypoplasia of the femoral medial condyles...

This paper presents a framework in which samples of bowing gesture parameters are retrieved and concatenated from a database of violin performances by attending to an annotated input score. Resulting bowing parameter signals are then used to synthesize sound by means of both a digital waveguide violin physical model, and an spectral-domain additive synthesizer.

We report four patients with unilateral bowing of the lower leg, affecting only the fibula. The bone is too long with anterolateral curvature of the distal third. Because of its regressive course and the absence of cutaneous involvement, this newly described entity can be distinguished from other forms of bowing of the leg.

Cello bowing techniques are classified by applying supervised machine learning methods to sensor data from two inertial sensors called the Orient specks – one worn on the playing wrist and the other attached to the frog of the bow. Twelve different bowing techniques were considered, including variants on a single string and across multiple strings. Results are presented for the classification o...

A pilot study is presented comparing the performance of complex bowing patterns of three violinists. Analysis of the movements revealed a subtle coordination between string crossings and bow changes in repetitive bowing patterns across two and three strings. Clear differences between the performances of the three players were found that could be interpreted in terms of consistency and efficienc...

OBJECTIVE To correlate morphological findings of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with the function of the median nerve. METHODS In this study, 105 wrists of 105 women patients with idiopathic CTS, and 36 wrists of 36 female volunteers were subjected to nerve conduction studies and MRI. Cross sectional area, signal intensity ratio, and the flattening ratio of the median nerve, carpal t...