We provide the first formal foundation of SAND attack trees which are a popular extension of the well-known attack trees. The SAND attack tree formalism increases the expressivity of attack trees by introducing the sequential conjunctive operator SAND. This operator enables the modeling of ordered events. We give a semantics to SAND attack trees by interpreting them as sets of series-parallel g...

We have performed an experimental study on the evolution of sand ripples formed under the action of an oscillatory flow. An annular sand-water cell was used in order to investigate a wide range of parameters. The sand ripples follow an irreversible condensation mechanism from small to large wavelength until a final state is reached. The wavelength and the shape of these stable sand patterns are...

Instability of liquefaction is one of the major reasons which results in the failure of earth structure such as dam. The present study focuses on the simulation of static liquefaction behavior for granular materials such as sand and sand-silt mixtures. Based on micromechanical analysis of inter-particle behavior, a simple one-scale model is proposed to simulate the stress-strain response of san...

martin kirschner (1879-1942), versatile german surgeon who had his scientific research and academic interests addressed topics which are covered by several specialities such as general surgery, orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery, anesthesiology and plastic surgery. he also was the editor of five medical journals and autjor of 249 articles and eight textbooks. his greatest and lasting contributio...

We investigate the structure of Kubo — Martin — Schwinger (KMS) states on some extension of the universal enveloping algebra of SL(2, C). We find that there exists a one-to-one correspondence between the set of all covariant KMS states on this algebra and the set of all probability measures dµ on the real half-line [0, +∞), which decrease faster than any inverse polynomial. This problem is conn...

In this study an attempt is made to create a Virtual Agent (VA) designed to exercise control in the opponent’s behavior by interaction with its human opponent in order to influence the outcome of a game. The goal is to create an artificial player succeeding to influence its human opponent in a game with no optimal strategy, one which is based around the (iterated) prisoner’s dilemma.

Address correspondence to: Rafael F. Martín-García, MD, Department of Dermatology, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, PO BOX 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067. Email: [email protected] Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (Dcs) is an uncommon inflammatory disease that often results in scarring alopecia. Numerous therapies have either proved ineffective or only temporarily effe...

The presence of lizards in bromeliads has been widely documented. Nevertheless, the possibility of some type of preference or specificity among lizards for particular bromeliad species has not yet been investigated. Therefore, this study aims to document the presence of Abronia oaxacae in six species of tank bromeliads found in pine forests, pine-live oak forests, and live oak groves during bot...