This study tested if a therapeutic weight loss diet or presentation of diet to owners would influence owners’ assessment of their dog’s satiety. Twenty-three overweight, but otherwise healthy, dogs were fed their usual diet and then a study diet with both a positive and neutral description in a randomized crossover design. Diets were fed in amounts to meet dogs’ resting energy requirements to m...

The change in frequency of cocaine self-administration as a function of the unit dose is widely assumed to represent a graded pharmacodynamic response. Alternatively, a pharmacological theory states that during maintained selfadministration, a quantal response occurs at a minimum maintained cocaine concentration (satiety threshold). Rats selfadministered cocaine at unit doses spanning an 8-fold...

The present study investigated the relationship between endogenous CCK and serotonin (5-HT) in fat-induced satiety. Male Wistar rats with duodenal cannulas were adapted to eating 6 h/day along with receiving an infusion of saline or one of two isocaloric solutions (10 ml, 1 kcal/ml, 0.45 ml/min) varying in fat and carbohydrate content (20 or 80% energy from fat). Rats were infused 10 min after ...

During the past decades there has been considerable interest in the use of dietary fibre in both animal and human nutrition. In human subjects dietary fibre has been studied intensively for possible effects on body-weight management and health. In animal nutrition the interest in dietary fibre has increased because it can be used as a cheap source of energy and because of its potential to impro...

The correlation between ultrasonographic gastric emptying and appetite was studied. Echographic evaluation of gastric emptying by measurement of the antral vertical diameter and assessment of sensations of hunger and satiety using analogue visual scales were performed simultaneously in 12 healthy volunteers. Measurements were carried out after the intake of 10.8 g psyllium or placebo in a rando...

Intestinal gluconeogenesis is involved in the control of food intake. We show that mu-opioid receptors (MORs) present in nerves in the portal vein walls respond to peptides to regulate a gut-brain neural circuit that controls intestinal gluconeogenesis and satiety. In vitro, peptides and protein digests behave as MOR antagonists in competition experiments. In vivo, they stimulate MOR-dependent ...

Currently, it is still a challenge to obtain gluten free breads (GFB) that meet sensory and health requirements of consumers. Thus, this study investigated the effects chickpea flour (CF) psyllium (PSY) on GFB quality, acceptability, glycemic satiety indexes. The control bread was prepared with rice (RF) cassava starch (75:25). Replacing RF CF improved quality by yielding better loaf volume cru...

High-fat diets are often associated with greater caloric intake and weight gain. Since satiety during fat intake is induced by fat in the intestine we investigated the efficiency of a lipid compound that retards fat digestion to regulate fat intake. We found this compound to reduce high-fat food intake, body weight and blood lipids in Sprague-Dawley rats, without causing steatorrhea. The absenc...

Cnidarians are the simplest metazoans to exhibit satiety after feeding. When hydra are fed to repletion, they close their mouths and cease to capture prey. As feeding stops, contractions of the tentacles and body column increase. Our earlier experiments showed that a gel chromatographic fraction of prey substances inhibits prey capture. We now present evidence that the same fraction reduces the...