In this study, bioactive scaffold of nano magnesium phosphate (nMP)/wheat protein (WP) composite (MWC) was fabricated. The results revealed that the MWC scaffolds had interconnected not only macropores (sized 400-600 μm) but also micropores (sized 10-20 μm) on the walls of macropores. The MWC scaffolds containing 40 w% nMP had an appropriate degradability in phosphate-buffered saline and produc...

The pore geometry of bone scaffolds, intended for use in bone repair or replacement, is one of the most important parameters in bone tissue engineering. It affects not only the mechanical properties of the scaffolds but also the amount of bone regeneration after implantation. Scaffolds with five different architectures and four porosity levels were fabricated using borate bioactive glass (13–93...

BACKGROUND This systematic review aims to summarize the clinical studies on the use of scaffolds in the repair of bony defects. METHODS The relevant articles were searched through PubMed database. The following keywords and search terms were used: "scaffolds," "patient," "clinic," "bone repair," "bone regeneration," "repairing bone defect," "repair of bone," "osteanagenesis," "osteanaphysis,"...

The biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of four fibrous scaffolds prepared by electrospinning of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) was studied with MG-63 osteoblast cells. Two different kinds of scaffolds were obtained by adjustment of spinning conditions, which were characterized as nano- or microfibrous. In addition of one nanofibrous, scaffold was made more hydrophilic by blending PCL with Pl...

Tissue engineering of various musculoskeletal or cardiovascular tissues requires scaffolds with controllable mechanical anisotropy. However, native tissues also exhibit significant inhomogeneity in their mechanical properties, and the principal axes of anisotropy may vary with site or depth from the tissue surface. Thus, techniques to produce multilayered biomaterial scaffolds with controllable...

Scaffolds play a pivotal role in the tissue engineering paradigm by providing temporary structural support, guiding cells to grow, assisting the transport of essential nutrients and waste products, and facilitating the formation of functional tissues and organs. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), especially ultra-short SWNTs (US-tubes), have proven useful for reinforcing synthetic polymeri...

Tissue engineering aims at resolving problems such as donor shortage and immune rejection faced by transplantation. Scaffolds (artificial extracellular matrices) have critical roles in tissue engineering. Recently, we developed nano-fibrous poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds under the hypothesis that synthetic nano-fibrous scaffolding, mimicking the structure of natural collagen fibers, could create...

Electroactive scaffolds which can carry electrical stimulation to the cells growing on them have attracted more and more attention in recent years. In this study, a conductive fibrous scaffold made of silk fibroin (SF) and graphene was developed using electrospinning techniques. The chemical structural characterization of the obtained scaffolds confirmed the presence of graphene in the fibrous ...

Porous biodegradable silk scaffolds and human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were used to engineer bone-like tissue in vitro. Two different scaffolds with the same microstructure were studied: collagen (to assess the effects of fast degradation) and silk with covalently bound RGD sequences (to assess the effects of enhanced cell attachment and slow degradation). The hMSCs we...

Electrospun scaffolds fabricated from poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL)/collagen composite are promising candidates for vascular graft applications. In order to improve the biocompatibility and mechanical strength of PCL/collagen scaffolds, two different cross-linking methods were applied and compared: (1) 2.5% glutaraldehyde (GA) vapor cross-linking for 6 h and (2) genipin (GN) crosslinking for...