The negative influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) outcomes are well documented. However, no research to date has examined the effect of ACEs on SEB outcomes in youth who received mental health services after reporting to the child welfare system. This study's analyses of data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II r...

Superantigens stimulate T-cell-receptor Vbeta-selective T-cell proliferation accompanying the release of cytokines, which may eventually protect the host from microbial infections. We investigated here whether superantigens can rescue the host from lethal bacterial infection. Mice were pretreated with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) 1 and 2 days before bacterial infection, and the mor...

Superantigen peptide antagonists failed to block T-cell activation and cytokine production as well as toxic shock induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in HLA class II transgenic mice. They also failed to inhibit the binding of SEB to HLA class II molecules as well as activation of human T lymphocytes in vitro.

• Soft-elastic baffles (SEBs) intensified mixing in a soft-elastic reactor (SER). A best design of SER with SEBs was identified. Mixing SERs large length to diameter ratios by SEBs. (SER) has been demonstrated as an alternative approach effective viscous liquid. Here, the performance Newtonian fluid—glycerin water solutions (1200±50 mPa⋅s) experimentally investigated for first time inside simpl...

BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is unrestrictedly found in humans and in animal species that maintain thermal homeostasis. Inadequate cleaning of processing equipment or inappropriate handling can contaminate processed food and cause severe food poisoning. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a potent superantigenic exotoxin, is produced by 50% of clinical isolates of S. aureus and is associate...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus aureusis a one of THE most frequent causes of food poisoning (FP) in dairy products. The main etiologic agents of FP are staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE). There are different types of SE; types A (SEA) and B (SEB) are the most clinically important enterotoxins. Traditional dairy products are still produced in small batches and sold by some vendors withou...

Exposure of naive CD4+ T lymphocytes to superantigens such as staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) induces a strong proliferative response. Prolonged exposure or subsequent restimulation of the responding T cell population with SEB leads to the apoptotic events of activation-induced cell death (AICD). However, T cells derived from either Fas-deficient lpr or Fas ligand-deficient gld autoimmune mo...

Many studies have indicated an association between bacteria and the severity of enteric secretory or inflammatory disorders. We previously showed that monolayers of human T84 epithelial cells display altered ion transport and permeability after coculture with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB, a model superantigen)-activated immune cells, where interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-...

BACKGROUND Food allergy is a disorder in which antigenic food proteins elicit immune responses. Animal models of food allergy have several limitations that influence their utility, including failure to recapitulate several key immunologic hallmarks. Consequently, little is known regarding the pathogenesis and mechanisms leading to food allergy. Staphylococcus aureus-derived enterotoxins, a comm...

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) of Staphylococcus aureus, and related superantigenic toxins produced by myriad microbes, are potent stimulators of the immune system causing a variety of human diseases from transient food poisoning to lethal toxic shock. These protein toxins bind directly to specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II on a...