Psychophysical and neurophysiological studies have revealed that the visual system is sensitive to both "first-order" motion, in which moving features are defined by luminance cues, and "second-order" motion, in which motion is defined by nonluminance cues, such as contrast or flicker. Here we show psychophysically that common types of second-order stimuli provide potent cues to depth order. Al...

Purpose – The paper seeks to make a substantial contribution to the still controversial question of design foundations. Design/methodology/approach – A generic hypercyclic design process model is derived from basic notions of evolution and learning in different domains of knowing (and turns out to be not very different from existing ones). The second-order cybernetics and evolutionary thinking ...

In this project, I will introduce a method to estimate the function by cubic splines. As an example, I will focus on the non-homogeneous Poisson process. Since this method uses an optimization model based on the maximum likelihood principle, it may applied to other stochastic processes. The most critical point of this presentation is a nonnegativity constriant on the splines. In addition, choos...