The Earth is continually exposed to the cosmic radiation of both solar and galactic origin. Solar eruption and solar activity may affect cosmic radiation flux density which has a secondary effect on the flux of particles in the atmosphere as well. Such one event was recorded in the last week of October 2003, where the measured dose rate of the cosmic radiation in the aircraft ATR 42 was 1.8 tim...

Earth absorbs ne and nm of energies above about 100 TeV. As is well known, although nt will also disappear through charged-current interactions, the nt flux will be regenerated by prompt tau decays. We show that this process also produces relatively large fluxes of secondary n̄e and n̄m , greatly enhancing the detectability of the initial nt . This is particularly important because at these energ...

The composite method of the flux observer and reduced order speed observer and its design procedure for a nonlinear dynamic system is presented. The traditional approach with flux and speed observer and derive six order nonlinear model that describes motor model in field oriented coordinates. The model takes into the error in flux estimation. For flux regulation traditional PI controllers are u...

The dynamical response of magnetic flux tubes due to local transverse periodic perturbations is investigated by numericalmeans.Our aimwas to check the applicability of the thin flux tube approximation for vertically oriented flux tubes with moderate magnetic field strength (plasma β = 1) and diameters 100 km, 50 km and 25 km immersed in an otherwise homogeneous nonmagnetic environment. All tube...

Novel induction motor control optimizing both torque response and efficiency is proposed in the paper. The main contribution of the paper is a new structure of rotor flux observer aimed for the speed-sensorless operation of induction machine servo-drive at both, low and high speed, where rapid speed changes can occur. The control differs from the conventional field-oriented control. Stator and ...

In this short paper, we show that the indirect field-oriented controller for currentfed induction motors guarantees the global asymptotic stability of speed tracking error for time-varying speed and rotor flux references. The load torque is assumed to be constant but is unknown.

We present the solution to London’s equations for the magnetic fields of a vortex oriented parallel to the planes, and normal to a crystal face, of a layered superconductor. These expressions account for flux spreading at the superconducting surface, which can change the apparent size of the vortex along the planes by as much as 30%. We compare these expressions with experimental results.

Recent measurements of the CR p̄ flux have been shown to pose a problem for conventional propagation models. In particular, models consistent with secondary/primary nuclei ratio in CR produce too few p̄’s, while matching the ratio and the p̄ flux requires ad hoc assumptions. This may indicate an additional local CR component or new phenomena in CR propagation in the Galaxy. We discuss several poss...