Recently in Japan, railway ballasts have been flown out several times by heavy or intense rainfalls. However, the mechanism has not yet been investigated in detail, so that the risk and the countermeasures cannot be reasonably proposed. Therefore, in this research, model tests and numerical analyses were conducted to investigate the flow-out mechanism. It was found that the seepage characterist...

The Black Sea is the largest anoxic basin on earth and provides unique conditions for the study of microbial habitats and controls on key anaerobic microbial processes in the element cycles. Recent studies of European research programs carried out in situ measurements of fluxes and turnover of methane and sulfur at seep systems of the Black Sea, and investigated the microbial diversity in perma...

The efficiency of attapulgite liners as anti-seepage for crude oil is examined. Consideration given to the potential use raw and mixture with prairie hay coconut husk prevent seepage. Attapulgite clay used in this study was brought from Injana formation /Western Desert Iraq. Two types Crude Iraqi fields were experiments; heavy East-Baghdad field light Nassiriya field. Initially basic properties...

Seepage is one of the important factors involved in natural flow conditions, contributing to changes turbulence patterns and morphological due transport sediments. This sediment particles influences development fluvial bedforms any river channel. However, previous research on dynamics has not considered influence seepage field over bedforms. The present experimental aims explore behavioral turb...

With the majority of United States Department Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA-NRCS)-sponsored earthen dams exceeding their planned service life, seepage is a concern since it common failure mechanism among as whole. Seepage occurs when water penetrates hydraulic barrier to create open pathways, channels, or piping leading internal erosion stability issues due increased ...

In order to study the matrix loss process and skeleton seepage law in fracture of fault rock, three-dimensional model skeletal rock sample was obtained by CT scan, porous media established with different structural types natural fractures, flow rate pressure distribution FLUENT software simulation. The results show that: under conditions is approximately same, velocity increases continuously in...

(Preliminary Report.) The model formulation and existence theory is described for diffusion of a barotropic fluid through a partially saturated poroelastic composite medium consisting of two components. This includes the Barenblatt-Biot doublediffusion model of elastic deformation and laminar flow in a fissured medium, such as consolidation processes in a system of fissures distributed througho...

Marine hydrocarbon seepage emits oil and gas, including methane ( approximately 30 Tg of CH(4) per year), to the ocean and atmosphere. Sediments from the California margin contain preserved tar, primarily formed through hydrocarbon weathering at the sea surface. We present a record of variation in the abundance of tar in sediments for the past 32,000 years, providing evidence for increases in h...