Seismic data recovery from data with missing traces on otherwise regular acquisition grids forms a crucial step in the seismic processing flow. For instance, unsuccessful recovery leads to imaging artifacts and to erroneous predictions for the multiples, adversely affecting the performance of multiple elimination. A non-parametric transform-based recovery method is presented that exploits the c...

Traditional imaging methods use coherent signals as data. Here, we discuss recent developments in imaging that aim at exploiting incoherent, noisy signals that are not associated with well-defined arrival times, as data. Indeed, signal constituents that in a classical setting may be regarded as noise may contain important information about the medium to be imaged. We show how it is possible to ...

Seismic interferometry allows one to create a virtual source inside a medium, assuming a receiver is present at the position of the virtual source. We discuss a method that creates a virtual source inside a medium from reflection data measured at the surface, without needing a receiver inside the medium and, hence, going beyond seismic interferometry. In addition to the reflection data, an esti...

In reflection seismology one places point sources and point receivers on the earth’s surface, forming an acquisition geometry. Each source generates acoustic waves in the subsurface, that are reflected where the medium properties vary discontinuously. The reflections that can be observed at the receivers are used to image these discontinuities or reflectors assuming a background medium. We anal...

Common-midpoint (CMP) stacking technique plays an important role in enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in seismic data processing and imaging. Weighted stacking is often used to improve the performance of conventional equalweight stacking in further attenuating random noise and handling the amplitude variations in real seismic data. In this study, we propose to use a hybrid framework of ...

The seismic imaging problem centers around mathematical and numerical techniques to create an accurate image of the earth’s subsurface, using recorded data from geophones that capture reflected seismic waves. Using a path integral approach, a wavefield extrapolater can be expressed as a limit of depth-sliced path steps through a variable velocity medium. An image is created from the correlation...

Introduction Seismic anisotropy is often explained in terms of effective media where an ordered ensemble of sub-seismic elements leads to a directional variation of the materials properties. Examples of such systems include aligned cracks or fractures, fine layering and correlated pore space. Therefore, measurements of seismic anisotropy potentially allow insights to physical systems which woul...

Stacking plays an important role in improving signal-to-noise ratio and imaging quality of seismic data. However, for low-fold-coverage seismic profiles, the result of conventional stacking is not always satisfactory. To address this problem, we have developed a method of stacking in which we use local correlation as a weight for stacking common-midpoint gathers after NMO processing or common-i...