Analytical and Monte Carlo simulations have been used to predict dose enhancement factors in nanoparticle-enhanced X-ray radiation therapy. Both simulations predict an increase in dose enhancement in the presence of nanoparticles, but the two methods predict different levels of enhancement over the studied energy, nanoparticle materials, and concentration regime for several reasons. The Monte C...

The self-organized Monte Carlo simulations of 2D Ising ferromagnet on the square lattice are performed. The essence of devised simulation method is the artificial dynamics consisting of the singlespin-flip algorithm of Metropolis supplemented by the random walk in the temperature space. The walk is biased to the critical region through the feedback equation utilizing the memory-based filtering ...

The determination of gyration radius is a strong research for configuration of a Macromolecule. Italso reflects molecular compactness shape. In this work, to characterize the behavior of theprotein, we observe quantities such as the radius of gyration and the average energy. We studiedthe changes of these factors as a function of temperature for Acetylcholine receptor protein in gasphase with n...

We studied the roles of morphogenetic principles — heterogeneity of components, dynamic differentiation/redifferentiation of components, and local information sharing among components — in the self-organization of morphogenetic collective systems. By incrementally introducing these principles to collectives, we defined four distinct classes of morphogenetic collective systems. Monte Carlo simul...

Oriented self-avoiding walks (OSAWs) on a square lattice are studied, with binding energies between steps that are oriented parallel across a face of the lattice. By means of exact enumeration and Monte Carlo simulation, we reconstruct the shape of the partition function and show that this system features a first-order phase transition from a free phase to a tight-spiral phase at βc = log(μ), w...

Background: In CT systems, the machine utilizes a bowtie filter to shape the X-ray beam and remove lower energy photons. The shape of this bowtie filter is complicated and its geometry is often not available in detail. These renders the CT dose index (CTDI) to have different values in measurement versus Monte Carlo simulation studies and other analytical calculations especially in dosimetry of ...

ABSTRACT Background: accurate methods of radiation therapy dose calculation. There are different Monte Carlo codesfor simulation of photons, electrons and the coupled transport of electrons and photons. MCNPis a general purpose Monte Carlo code that can be used for electron, photon and coupledphoton-electron transport.Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transport is considered to be one of the ...

Lattice rules are a quasi-Monte Carlo method, an alternative to the Monte Carlo method for multidimensional numerical integration. The measures of performance that we estimate by simulation can be seen as the values of integrals in large dimensions. Therefore, instead of the usual Monte Carlo method, one can use lattice rules in simulation. In this paper, we compare these rules to the Monte Car...