The drinking, borewell and sewage water in the Sanmugasikamani Nadar (S.N) street, Naivatti Nadar (N.N) street and Thiruthangal area of Sivakasi has been studied. The various constituents monitored include the physicochemical characters like pH, total solids, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids; chemical parameters like total alkalinity acidity free CO2, dissolved oxygen, total hardn...

OBJECTIVE To quantify microbiology indicators of fecal contamination in the effluents of two waste water treatment plants and in samples collected in several canals in Xochimilco. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross sectional study was performed. Ten sites, 5 from plant effluents and 5 from canals, were selected for sampling during November and December 2001. Fecal coliforms and enterococci were qua...

Many cities in developing countries are facing surface water and groundwater pollution problems. This deterioration of water resources needs to be controlled through effective and feasible concepts of urban water management. The Dublin Principles, Agenda21, Vision21, and the Millennium Development Goals provide the basis for the development of innovative, holistic, and sustainable approaches. W...

sanitary landfills, created for the disposal of solid waste, usually are developed into parks afterthey are closed. however, soil amelioration with organic matter is usually needed to restore fertility andpromote revegetation. sewage sludge creates a massive waste disposal problem. the use of composted sewage sludge (biosolid) as a soil conditioner might restore the soil fertility at landfill s...

The consumption of crops fertilized with human waste represents a potential route of exposure to antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria. The present study evaluated the abundance of bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes by using both culture-dependent and molecular methods. Various vegetables (lettuce, carrots, radish, and tomatoes) were sown into field plots fertilized inorganically or with cl...

Since water resources of desert Naein City are very limited, a approach which saves water resources and meanwhile meets the needs of the greenspace for water is to use city’s sewage wastewater. Proper treatment of Naein’s sewage up to the standards required for green space uses may solve some of the problems of green space development of the city. The present paper closely examines available st...

Total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and fecal streptococcus (FS) recoveries in chlorinated secondary sewage effluents were investigated by the membrane filter (MF) and multiple-tube (most probable number, MPN) methods. The LES two-step MF method was found to be comparable to the MPN procedure for determining TC. The TC detection was 1.5 times greater by the LES two-step technique than tha...

SEPTICITY WITHIN A sewerage system occurs when microorganisms present in sewage and adhering to submerged surfaces have utilised all the dissolved oxygen and any nitrates that may be present in the sewage (derived from ground-water infiltration or present in the water supply). When anaerobic conditions have developed, bacteria in the sewage reduce the organic compounds of sulphur to sulphide an...

Air and water pollution control programs sometimes result in production of solid wastes that are difficult to manage. The sludges from sewage treatment plants and flue gas scrubbers are two examples. In many coastal communities, there is no alternative to ocean dumpling of sewage sludges for the foreseeable future. The use of sludges as soil conditioners, their conversion to fuels by pyrolysis,...

In theory, ‘urban mining’ has a huge potential for enabling more efficient resource use and offering new business opportunities for the cleantech and recycling industries. This concept involves recovering technospheric stocks of previously employed natural resources that have been taken out of use without being collected for waste management. Such hibernating material stocks can be found in old...