One of the first ISO digital camera standards to address image microstructure was ISO 12233, which introduced the SFR, spatial frequency response, based on the analysis of edge features in digital images. The SFR, whether derived from edges or periodic signals, describes the capture of image detail as a function of spatial frequency. Often during camera testing, however, there is an interest in...

For four well studied spiral galaxies (M33, M81, M100 and M101) we consider the dependencies of star formation rate (SFR) and star formation efficiency (SFE = SFR/Mgas) both on the radial distance R and on some kinematic parameters of galactic discs. To estimate SFR(R) we used a combined UV + FIR method based on the UV profiles corrected for the interstellar extinction presented by Boissier et ...

We have computed the rest-frame comoving luminosity density in various bands as a function of redshift and the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) using a ΛCDM hydrodynamical galaxy simulation. We used an updated isochrone synthesis code to calculate the luminosity density. The calculated UV-luminosity density and the cosmic SFR have a steep rise from z = 0 to 1, a moderate plateau between z = 1 ∼...

We measure the stellar mass–star formation rate (SFR) relation in star-forming disc galaxies at z ≤ 0.085, using Galaxy Zoo morphologies to examine different populations of spirals as classified by their kiloparsec-scale structure. We examine the number of spiral arms, their relative pitch angle, and the presence of a galactic bar in the disc, and show that both the slope and dispersion of theM...

Various receptors on cell surface recognize specific extracellular molecules and trigger signal transduction altering gene expression in the nucleus. Gain or loss-of-function mutations of one molecule have shown to affect alternative signaling pathways with a poorly understood mechanism. In Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signaling, which branches into MyD88- and TRAM-dependent pathways upon lipopol...

We present SÍGAME simulations of the [Cii] 157.7μm fine structure line emission from cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of seven main sequence galaxies at z = 2. Using sub-grid physics prescriptions the gas in our simulations is modeled as a multi-phased interstellar medium (ISM) comprised of molecular gas residing in giant molecular clouds, an atomic gas phase assoc...

The probability distribution functions (PDF) of density of the interstellar medium (ISM) in galactic disks and global star formation rate are discussed. Three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations show that the PDFs in globally stable, inhomogeneous ISM in galactic disks are well fitted by a single lognormal function over a wide density range. The dispersion of the log-normal PDF (LN-PDF) is lar...

We use hydrodynamic cosmological simulations to predict the star formation properties of high-redshift galaxies (z = 2 − 6) in five variants of the inflationary cold dark matter scenario, paying particular attention to z = 3, the redshift of the largest “Lyman-break galaxy” (LBG) samples. Because we link the star formation timescale to the local gas density, the rate at which a galaxy forms sta...

Context. Over the past few years several studies have provided estimates of the SFR (star-formation rate) or the total infrared luminosity from just one infrared band. However these relations are generally derived for entire galaxies, which are known to contain a large scale diffuse emission that is not necessarily related to the latest star-formation episode. Aims. We provide new relations to ...

We show that the time variability of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) appears to be correlated with the absolute luminosity of the burst: smooth bursts are intrinsically less luminosity. This Cepheid-like relationship can be used to determine the redshift of a GRB from parameters measured solely at gamma-ray energies. The relationship is based on only seven events at present and needs to be further conf...