Evaluation of potential therapies for neurological disease has been challenging due to beneficial responses in patients receiving the sham/placebo treatment. Placebo effects are especially prominent in Parkinson's disease (PD), which has become a useful model for studying the neurobiology of placebo responses. In this issue of the JCI, Ko and colleagues identify a neural circuit associated with...

Abstract —– This paper focuses on super helical memory system’s design, ‘Engineering, Architectural and Satellite Communications’ as a theoretical approach of an invention-model to ‘store time-data’ in terms of anticipating the best memory location ever for data/time. The current release entails three concepts: 1the in-depth theoretical physics engineering of the chip, including its, 2architect...

In this work we introduce a new semi-implicit second order correction scheme to the kinetic KohnSham lattice model. The new approach is validated by performing realistic exchange-correlation energy calculations of atoms and dimers of the first two rows of the periodic table finding good agreement with the expected values. Additionally we simulate the ethane molecule where we recover the bond le...

Sham transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) approaches are widely used in basic and clinical research to ensure that observed effects are due to the intended neural manipulation instead of being caused by various possible side effects. We here critically discuss several methodological aspects of sham TMS. Importantly, we propose to carefully distinguish between the placebo versus sensory side ...

A four-component relativistic implementation of Kohn-Sham theory for molecular systems is presented. The implementation is based on a nonredundant exponential parametrization of the Kohn-Sham energy, well suited to studies of molecular static and dynamic properties as well as of total electronic energies. Calculations are presented of the bond lengths and the harmonic and anharmonic vibrational...

Sham surgery is used as a control condition in neurosurgical clinical trials in Parkinson's disease (PD) but remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the perspective of patients with PD and the general public on the use of sham surgery controls. We surveyed consecutive patients from a university-based neurology outpatient clinic and a community-based general internal medicine practice....

OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to develop a sham cupping device and to validate its use as a placebo control for healthy volunteers. METHODS A sham cupping device was developed by establishing a small hole to reduce the negative pressure after suction such that inner pressure could not be maintained in the cup. We enrolled 34 healthy participants to evaluate the validity of the sham c...

Abstract Introduction Slow, oscillatory, transcranial electrical stimulation (so-tES) applies a current over the scalp that oscillates in intensity at frequency associated with slow wave sleep (SWS; 0.75Hz). When applied during SWS, so-tES can enhance SWS EEG power compared to sham stimulation, as well overnight declarative memory consolidation. wake, local range (0.5–4.5Hz) sham. Therefore, th...

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect low-intensity blood flow restriction (LI- BFR) training utilized in a pre-rehabilitative setting for patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) on postoperative outcomes by minimizing atrophy and impairment quadriceps. We hypothesize that strength hypertrophy quadriceps will be greater population undergoes...

Abstract Introduction Recently, selective sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in patients with HF, irrespective of type diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mechanism action is currently unclear as SGLT2 not expressed the heart. Unlike inhibitors, dual SGLT1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin only reduced but also decreased risk myo...