We extract downward-propagating Pand S-waves from industrial noise generated by human and/or machine activity at the surface propagating down a borehole at Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada, and measure shear-wave splitting from these data. The continuous seismic data are recorded at eight sensors along a downhole well during steam injection into a 420–470-m-deep oil reservoir. We crosscorrelate the w...

Shear-wave velocity is an indication of the shear strength of the ground since the velocity is related to the shear modulus. Therefore, monitoring the velocities is useful for site characterization and disaster prevention. We estimate the time-lapse change in shear-wave velocity as well as shear-wave splitting in the shallow subsurface throughout Japan by applying seismic interferometry to the ...