the annihilating-ideal graph of a commutative ring $r$ is denoted by $ag(r)$, whose vertices are all nonzero ideals of $r$ with nonzero annihilators and two distinct vertices $i$ and $j$ are adjacent if and only if $ij=0$. in this article, we completely characterize rings $r$ when $gr(ag(r))neq 3$.

a connected graph g is said to be neighbourly irregular graph if no two adjacent vertices of g have same degree. in this paper we obtain neighbourly irregular derived graphs such as semitotal-point graph, k^{tℎ} semitotal-point graph, semitotal-line graph, paraline graph, quasi-total graph and quasivertex-total graph and also neighbourly irregular of some graph products.

it is necessary to generate the automorphism group of a chemical graph in computer-aidedstructure elucidation. an euclidean graph associated with a molecule is defined by a weightedgraph with adjacency matrix m = [dij], where for i≠j, dij is the euclidean distance between thenuclei i and j. in this matrix dii can be taken as zero if all the nuclei are equivalent. otherwise,one may introduce dif...

in this paper, we introduce the notions of product vague graph, balanced product vague graph, irregularity and total irregularity of any irregular vague graphs and some results are presented. also, density and balanced irregular vague graphs are discussed and some of their properties are established. finally we give an application of vague digraphs.

In 2007, Vallette built a bridge across posets and operads by proving that an operad is Koszul if only the associated partition are Cohen-Macaulay. Both notions of being Cohen–Macaulay admit different refinements: our goal here to link two these refinements. We more precisely prove any (basic-set) whose isomorphism-compatible CL-shellings admits Poincaré–Birkhoff–Witt basis. Furthermore,...

Let G(V;E) be a graph. The common neighborhood graph (congraph) of G is a graph with vertex set V , in which two vertices are adjacent if and only if they have a common neighbor in G. In this paper, we obtain characteristics of congraphs under graph operations; Graph :::::union:::::, Graph cartesian product, Graph tensor product, and Graph join, and relations between Cayley graphs and its c...

For a simplicial complex $K$ with $m$ vertices, there is canonical $\mathbb Z_2^m$-space known as real moment angle R \mathcal Z_K$. In this paper, we consider the quotient spaces $Y=\mathbb Z_K / \mathbb Z_2^{k}$, where pure shellable and Z_2^k \subset Z_2^m$ maximal free action on A typical example of such small cover, cover topological analog toric manifold. We compute integral cohomology gr...

The Merrifield-Simmons index of a graph is defined as the total number of the independent sets of the graph and the Hosoya index of a graph is defined as the total number of the matchings of the graph. In this paper, we give formula for Merrifield-Simmons and Hosoya indices of some classes of cartesian product of two graphs K{_2}×H, where H is a path graph P{_n}, cyclic graph C{_n}, or star gra...

The research summarized in this thesis consists essentially of two parts. In the first, we generalize a coloring theorem of Baxter about triangulations of the plane (originally used to prove combinatorially Brouwer's fixed point theorem in two dimensions) to arbitrary dimensions and to oriented simplicial and cubical pseudomanifolds. We show that in a certain sense no other generalizations may ...