INTRODUCTION Spectroscopy scans generally require averaging (over minutes) to obtain acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Patient motion compromises the quality and reliability of the resulting spectra. Such concerns are particularly acute with subjects who have difficulty holding still, for instance young children or adults who are in pain or confused. Therefore, we implemented a single-vox...

Quantum error correction is required to compensate for the fragility of the state of a quantum computer. We report the first experimental implementations of quantum error correction and confirm the expected state stabilization. In NMR computing, however, a net improvement in the signal-to-noise would require very high polarization. The experiment implemented the 3-bit code for phase errors in l...

Gene expression microarrays are widely used to better understand the complex biological mechanisms inside cells. One of the main obstacles of applying statistical learning algorithms to microarray data is the large gap between the number of features (p) and the number of available instances (n), i.e., the “large p, small n” challenge. This thesis explores two ways to deal with this challenge. O...

The hitting time expression Equation 14 involves three different types of contributions: a one-body term that depends on the destination node, C 1 jj Pn k1⁄41 dk; a two-body term that depends on the initial and final nodes, C 1 ji Pn k1⁄41 dk; and a series of three-body terms that depend on intermediate nodes, in addition to the two end points, Pn k1⁄41 C 1 ki C 1 kj dk. Derivation of Equatio...

We proposed a novel decoding algorithm for Analog Codes (Reed-Solomon Codes over complex numbers), the syndrome repairing (SR) algorithm, for gross error correction in signal transmission. Simulations show that, if the number of gross errors is not too large and the amplitude of background noise is small enough (compared to the amplitude of gross errors), the SR algorithm recovers the original ...

Introduction: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has become indispensable in clinical routine, especially due to its sensitivity to early stages of brain ischemia. Patient motion during measurements is a major source of artifacts. A distinction must be made between motions during the acquisition of a single diffusion encoded image (intrascan) and movements in between these images (interscan) as w...

The authors correct a mathematical equation contained in the correspondence “Multiple-antenna signal constellations for fading channels,” previously published in the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY.

In recent years in Italy the progress of the automobile industry, in the field of reduction of emissions values, is very remarkable. Nevertheless their evaluation and reduction is a key problem, especially in the cities, that account for more than 50% of world population. In this paper we dealt with the problem of describing a quantitatively approach for the reconstruction of GPS coordinates an...

This chapter is to introduce NAND flash channel model, error correction codes (ECC) and signal processing techniques in flash memory. There are several kinds of noise sources in flash memory, such as random-telegraph noise, retention process, inter-cell interference, background pattern noise, and read/program disturb, etc. Such noise sources reduce the storage reliability of flash memory signif...

[1] Atmospheric phase delays are considered to be one of the main performance limitations for high-quality satellite radar techniques, especially when applied to ground deformation monitoring. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are widely seen as a promising tool for the mitigation of atmospheric delays as they can provide knowledge of the atmospheric conditions at the time of Synthetic ...