PURPOSE Salivary fluid formation is primarily driven by Ca(2+)-activated, apical efflux of chloride into the lumen of the salivary acinus. The anoctamin1 protein is an anion channel with properties resembling the endogenous calcium-activated chloride channels. In order to better understand the role of anoctamin proteins in salivary exocrine secretion, the expression of the ten members of the an...

The Zingiber genus, which includes the herbs known as gingers, commonly used in cooking, is well known for its medicinal properties, as described in the Indian pharmacopoeia. Different members of this genus, although somewhat similar in morphology, differ widely in their pharmacological and therapeutic properties. The most important species of this genus, with maximal therapeutic properties, is...

Gynostemma pentaphyllum is an important medicinal herb of the Cucurbitaceae family, but limited genomic data have hindered genetic studies. In this study, transcriptomes of two closely-related Gynostemma species, Gynostemma cardiospermum and G. pentaphyllum, were sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. A total of 71,607 nonredundant unigenes were assembled. Of these unigenes,...

A total of 148 accessions representing six important species of the genus Stylosanthes, including S. guianensis, S. hamata, S. scabra, S. seabrana, S. macrocephala, and S. capitata, were used to evaluate genetic variation and relationships using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers. The results showed that the 18 selected primer pairs generated 138 distinct fragments. The fragment si...

Among commonly applied molecular markers, simple sequence repeats (SSRs, or microsatellites) possess advantages such as a high level of polymorphism and codominant pattern of inheritance at individual loci. To facilitate systematic and rapid genetic mapping in soybean, we designed a genotyping panel comprised 304 SSR markers selected for allelic diversity and chromosomal location so as to provi...

SNP markers for QTL analysis of 4-MTB-GSL contents in radish roots were developed by determining nucleotide sequences of bulked PCR products using a next-generation sequencer. DNA fragments were amplified from two radish lines by multiplex PCR with six primer pairs, and those amplified by 2,880 primer pairs were mixed and sequenced. By assembling sequence data, 1,953 SNPs in 750 DNA fragments, ...

Data on mean numbers of Λ, Λ̄, K’s and on the total number < ss̄ > of pairs of strange valence quarks in final state hadrons in hadronic and nuclear collisions at CERNSPS energies are studied as a function of the mean number < ncoll > of nucleonnucleon collisions. Results give indications of an almost linear dependence over most of the region of < ncoll >. This in turn points out to strangeness b...

Many infectious diseases are caused by viral infections, and in particular by RNA viruses such as MERS, Ebola and Zika. To understand viral disease, detection and identification of these viruses are essential. Although PCR is widely used for rapid virus identification due to its low cost and high sensitivity and specificity, very few online database resources have compiled PCR primers for RNA v...

We have found that assembling the reaction mixture at a temperature greater than the annealing temperature improved both product yield and specificity of PCR. When reactions were maintained at 70°C in a dry heating block during addition of denatured samples to aliquotted reagent master mix, a reproducible increase in product yield was observed compared to duplicates maintained at room temperatu...