Cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize various endogenous and exogenous small molecular weight compounds. Transport-associated proteins, such as P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein and lung resistance protein are overexpressed in drug-resistant cell lines, as well as in human tumors from various histologic origins, including malignant melanoma. Little is known about the expressi...

background: adverse drug reactions (adrs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and contribute to excessive health care costs. detection and reporting of adrs could decrease these consequences. the present study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (kap) of pharmacy students towards adrs monitoring and reporting. methods: a questionnaire was prepared to...

Antimicrobials are used widely especially in developing countries, due to the high prevalence of various infectious diseases. Inappropriate use antimicrobials associated with adverse drug reactions. The present study was done analyze patterns Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) reported Reaction Monitoring Centre (AMC) during last five years. This a 5 year retrospective and cross-sectional study. Aft...

adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs including cutaneous reactions may not only affect the result of treatment and quality of life, but can also be fatal if severe. skin rash is more likely to occur during the first few months of treatment. the objective of this study was description of skin rashes in users of four antiepileptic drugs. we identified skin rashes of phenytoin, carbamazepine, so...

BACKGROUND Macrolides are considered safe antibiotics with reduced allergenic activity. However, studies on the safety of macrolides are scarce, particularly in children. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of hypersensitivity reactions to clarithromycin and azithromycin in a group of children referred to our allergy unit for suspected macrolide allergy. METHODS We r...

Objective: To describe an unusual case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms presenting as fever unknown origin (FUO) the diagnostic hurdles that come presence differential diagnosis FUO, which is tuberculous lymphadenitis. Methods: A 34-year-old female a chief complaint has lasted for 3 weeks accompanied jaundice skin rashes 2 was admitted indication FUO. She had history car...

niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles that have potential applications in the delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. the topical form of n-acetyl glucosamine (nag) recently has been considered in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders due to its inhibitory effect on thyrosinase enzymes in melanocytes. to improve nag penetration into the skin we formulated the drug in niosomes...

As psoriasis is a common skin disorder, knowledge of the factors that may induce, trigger, or exacerbate the disease is of primary importance in clinical practice. Drug intake is a major concern in this respect, as new drugs are constantly being added to the list of factors that may influence the course of the disease. We report a patient with a psoriasiform drug eruption associated with the us...