Infection of cells by many picornaviruses results in the rapid inhibition of cellular protein synthesis due to cleavage of the translation initiation factor eIF4G. The poliovirus (PV) 2A and foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) L proteases are each sufficient to mediate this cleavage, but the cleavage mechanism may be indirect, involving an unidentified cellular protease(s). eIF4G is also target...

Allomyces macrogynus produces zoosporangia that discharge uninucleate zoospores after cleavage of multinucleate cytoplasm. Cleavage of cytoplasm within the oligonucleate zoosporangia of A. macrogynus was visualized by constructing three-dimensional models based on electron micrographs and confocal images. In oligonucleate zoosporangia, three adjacent nuclei can form three cleavage planes with a...

Several advanced techniques to detect mutations have been developed during the last years. Scanning procedures can be classified as "physical" and "cleavage" methodologies. Physical methods include Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism and Heteroduplex Analysis while cleavage methods include RNAse A Cleavage, Chemical Mismatch Cleavage and Enzyme Misma...

Diverse peptidomimetics containing N , O - or S -aminals are synthesized via a transition metal-free C–S bond cleavage and subsequent Mannich reaction.

The two most common polymorphs in industrial alite, $M_1$ and $M_3$, were characterized at the molecular scale. Different methods employed discussed to assess mechanical properties specific heat of both polymorphs. calculated homogenized elastic moduli found good agreement with experimental measurements. A comparative analysis spacial Young's modulus reveal isotropic anisotropic distribution fo...

Abstract This article demonstrates that deindustrialization increases ethnonational mobilization. We maintain levels of mobilization movements are to an important extent a residual the class cleavage, is, degree conflict dominates political competition. Since in context Western Europe industrialism is main force behind weakens this cleavage and allows instead for along divisions. In order empir...

We characterized a novel 28S rRNA cleavage in cells infected with the murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV). The 28S rRNA cleavage occurred as early as 4 h postinfection (p.i.) in MHV-infected DBT cells, with the appearance of subsequent cleavage products and a decrease in the amount of intact 28S rRNA with increasing times of infection; almost all of the intact 28S rRNA disappeared by...

Cleavage of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4GI (eIF4GI) is required for shutoff of host cell translation during poliovirus (PV) infection of HeLa cells. Reports published by several groups have led to confusion whether this cleavage is mediated by viral 2A protease (2A(pro)) or a putative cellular enzyme (termed eIF4Gase) which is activated by 2A(pro) or other aspects of viral infecti...