CONTEXT Use of nonpharmacological behavioral therapy has been suggested for treatment of chronic primary insomnia, but well-blinded, placebo-controlled trials demonstrating effective behavioral therapy for sleep-maintenance insomnia are lacking. OBJECTIVE To test the efficacy of a hybrid cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) compared with both a first-generation behavioral treatment and a placeb...

There is increased recognition that sleep problems may develop in children and adolescents after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, few studies have utilized both subjective and objective measures to comprehensively assess sleep problems in the pediatric population following the acute post-TBI period. The aims of this study were to compare sleep in adolescents with mTBI to healthy ado...

OBJECTIVES This study evaluated whether sleep over the first 6 months of life was more disturbed in infants born to mothers who were depressed compared with infants from nondepressed mothers. DESIGN Actigraphy was recorded for 7 consecutive days starting at 2 weeks postpartum and monthly thereafter until 6 months of age. Mothers completed daily sleep/wake diaries. Sleep data at 2 weeks and 6 ...

Sleep-deprived people, or those performing extended monotonous tasks, can exhibit brief episodes in which they suspend performance and appear to fall asleep momentarily-behavioral microsleeps ("microsleeps"). In this study, microsleeps were identified using eye video and tracking response during a 20-min continuous tracking task undertaken by 16 healthy volunteers (mean age 24.9 yrs; 8 females,...

Although individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) regularly report subjective sleep disruption, many studies using objective measures (e.g., polysomnography) report no PTSD-related sleep disruption. To account for these inconsistencies, some authors hypothesize that PTSD-diagnosed individuals have sleep-state misperception; that is, they self-report experiencing poor slee...

Study selection 2 reviewers independently selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared any form of CBI with a waiting list control or placebo in adults who were ≥ 60 years of age and had been diagnosed with sleep problems according to standardised or objective measures or sleep diaries. Studies of patients with depression, dementia, sleep apnoea, or sleep problems secondary to ano...

Key to understanding the neuronal basis of consciousness is the characterization of the neural signatures of changes in level of consciousness during sleep. Here we analysed three measures of dynamical complexity on spontaneous depth electrode recordings from 10 epilepsy patients during wakeful rest (WR) and different stages of sleep: (i) Lempel–Ziv complexity, which is derived from how compres...

Investigators in previous research have indicated that subjective measures of sleepiness may separate into stateand behavior-based dimensions; however, researchers have not examined this under sleep deprivation conditions. The authors’ purpose in this study was to examine several measures of subjective sleepiness under sleep deprivation conditions following completion of various tasks. Fourteen...

Pregnant women (N=253) were recruited during their second trimester of pregnancy (M=22.3 weeks gestation) and assigned to depressed (N=83) and non-depressed groups based on a SCID diagnosis of depression. They were then given self-report measures on sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety and anger, and their urine was assayed for norepinephrine and cortisol. These measures were repeated during ...

Few studies have examined the links between personality variables and sleep and their combined effect on specific real-world outcomes. Participants in this study completed numerous personality, sleep, and performance measures; we examined the associations among these measures. Personality was assessed using the Five-Factor Model. The personality trait of Conscientiousness (especially its facet ...