OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk factors associated with upper crossed syndrome (UCS) in females of age 25-50 years. METHODS: This population based case controlled study was conducted from May to August 2019. Total 210 including 105 cases (participants who had neck pain for at least one month) and controls didn't pain), aging years were selected through non-probability convenient sampling techniqu...

Today’s railway transport is built upon high-performance infrastructure. Cost-effective yet sustainable infrastructure presumes tracks with a precise and durable geometry. At ballasted tracks, the geometry created restored through tamping machines, which position track panel compact ballast beneath sleepers. It commonly agreed that compaction plays an important role in long-term stability of tr...

A theoretical model was tested for its ability to explain persistence and delayed credibility (or "sleeper") effects in attitude change via persuasive variables. The model predicted opinion effects f:cm two major components: a multiplicative eftect of message repetition and credibility, and a simple effect of time since receipt of message. The subjects, 124 college students, read a cover story,...

Railway lines typically use traditional sloping embankments as the principal means of track support. However, Geosynthetically Reinforced Soil (GRS) systems have gained popularity alternatives to conventional embankments, particularly for high-speed in Japan. This system requires less ground stabilization/improvement and land take than due its smaller base area. research investigates immediate ...

As prestressed concrete sleepers are continuously exposed to various environmental and loading conditions, it is increasingly crucial analyse their current future serviceability performance. In practice, the main cause of cracking in usually induced by impact loads. The most heavily influenced sections midspan rail-seat area sleepers. This paper investigates effects time-dependent strength degr...

this study investigates propagation of mode i crack in b70 pre-stressed concrete sleepers by fracture mechanics approach. a new experimental analysis is done for notched b70 pre-stressed concrete sleepers with replica test and image analysis. a scanning electron microscope test (sem) and an image analysis are applied for the replica test in order to determine crack length and crack mouth openin...