this paper presents the thermal vibration analysis of double-layer graphene sheet embedded in polymer elastic medium, using the plate theory and nonlocal continuum mechanics for small scale effects. the graphene is modeled based on continuum plate theory and the axial stress caused by the thermal effects is also considered. nonlocal governing equations of motion for this double-layer graphene s...

During the past 20 years, China has maintained a high economic growth rate that has attracted worldwide attention. Small enterprises have contributed the lion’s share to this achievement. In 1995, small enterprises accounted for 62.5 percent of China’s total industrial output and 73.6 percent of its industrial employment. While most largeand medium-size enterprises are still owned by the state,...

the literature show evidence that small manufacturing enterprises (smes) are understood as main source of technology development and employment creation. at the same time they are vulnerable to a number of restrictions such as access to finances, skilled labor and public support, while are exposed to high competition and suffer from low survival rate. this research aims to shed lights on the ro...

regarding the importance of entrepreneurial decision making process and due to the insufficiency of pervious research in considering qualitative aspects of the issue, this study aims to conceptualize entrepreneurial decision making process in small & medium size enterprises. for this purpose, the qualitative case study method was applied among iranian prominent entrepreneurs in the year of 2009...

Improvement of working conditions in small-scale enterprises and the informal economy (SSE-IE) is essential to raise the occupational safety and health (OSH) level in a country, as majority of labour population is working in SSE-IE in any countries. Small-scale enterprises and the informal economy promote industry and expand employment opportunities, develop a pool of skilled and semiskilled wo...

This is one of three Issue Briefing Notes produced by a partnership of six sustainable development-oriented non-governmental organizations, including three international organizations and three organizations based in developing countries. The Issue Briefing Notes present a general overview of three issues that deserve particular attention in discussions on the possible development by the Intern...

1. Look as shit as an asset, the beginning of a whole sanitation value chain 2. Emphasize the role of the private sector in sanitation, in particular small scale private enterprises 3. Pay attention to the economics of investing in sanitation 4. Increase the efficiency of the sanitation value chain 5. Look at advantages of small scale decentralized versus large scale centralized waste water tre...

currently, one of the most important challenges to smes is financing as their managers are faced with many problems in this area. in this study the barriers to smes financing were identified by using q methodology which is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. after literature review and conduct of interviews with 12 executive managers of smes, 64 barriers were identified to th...