Human brain stimulation for therapeutic purposes has many short- and long-term limitations. The possibility of implanting magnetic, rather than electrical, stimulation devices would present a possible solution to some of the problems. The development of a new microscopic magnetic stimulation device provides a glimpse of the realisation.

Some optimizations are speculative: they improve execution speed most but not all of the time, or they trade o faster execution for an increase in code size. Other optimizations, such as dead-variable elimination and algebraic simpli cation, are guaranteed to both reduce code size and speed execution. It makes sense to group all of these \contracting" optimizations together in a single phase of...

The harmonic index H (G) of a graph G is defined as the sum of the weights 2 du+dv of all edges uv of G, where du denotes the degree of a vertex u in G. In this paper, we determine (i) the trees of order n and m pendant vertices with the second smallest harmonic index, (ii) the trees of order n and diameter r with the smallest and the second smallest harmonic indices, and (iii) the trees of ord...

Binary decision diagrams (BDDs) have proven to be a powerful technique for combating the state explosion problem. Their application to verification is usually centered around the computation of the transitive closure of some binary relation. The closure is usually computed with a fixed point algorithm that expands some set until it stops growing. Unfortunately, the BDDs that arise during the co...

AIM To investigate the probability of and factors influencing periapical status of teeth following primary (1°RCTx) or secondary (2°RCTx) root canal treatment. METHODOLOGY This prospective study involved annual clinical and radiographic follow-up of 1°RCTx (1170 roots, 702 teeth and 534 patients) or 2°RCTx (1314 roots, 750 teeth and 559 patients) carried out by Endodontic postgraduate student...

Root caps provide a protective layer in front of the meristem that protects the meristem from abrasion by soil particles. The continuous production and sloughing of the root cap cells may be an adaptation to decrease the friction at the soil-root interface by acting as a low-friction lining to the channel formed by the root. Experiments were performed which provide the first direct evidence tha...

Recently, a lnorthern red oak tree was found on the Bent Creek Experimental Forest, Buncombe County, North Carolina, with an unusual and interesting group of aerial roots originating from the callused area surrounding an old wound. This tree, shown in the accompanying photograph, is about 100 feet high, has approximately 3 log lengths and is 33.5 inches in diameter at 4.5 feet above the ground....