AES-128, the NIST P-256 elliptic curve, DSA-3072, RSA3072, and various higher-level protocols are frequently conjectured to provide a security level of 2. Extensive cryptanalysis of these primitives appears to have stabilized sufficiently to support such conjectures. In the literature on provable concrete security it is standard to define 2 security as the nonexistence of high-probability attac...

Cold weather conditions pose significant challenges to the performance and durability of concrete materials, construction processes, structures. This paper aims provide a comprehensive overview material-related in cold construction, including slow setting, reduced curing rate, slower strength development, as well frost damage, early freezing, freeze–thaw actions. Various innovative materials te...

background: high density concrete is extensively used for efficient radiation attenuation in radiotherapy rooms and nuclear reactors. over the past eight years, some efficient galena-based concrete samples for shielding x or gamma rays was produced. the goal of this study was to produce a novel high density concrete against neutron and photon radiations using tourmaline and galena. materials an...

there is a worldwide interest in using fibers of different types in concrete mixtures. in this regard, as the use of pet fibers has gradually increased during the last decade, this study aims to investigate the effects of pet fibers on the mechanical properties of hardened concrete and the workability of fresh concrete. to this end, different contents of pet fibers (pc= %0, %0.5, %1 and %1.5) a...

one of the main factors of premature deterioration of concrete structures is the corrosion of reinforcements. chloride penetration of concrete is one of the main reasons of this phenomenon. therefore, to have durable structure, it is necessary to have concretes with low permeability.there are various methods to evaluate permeability of concrete. finding a relationship between them can be useful...

By increasing the demolition of old concrete structures and the interest of civil industries to consume cheaper materials, using Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) can cause environmental protection and decrease the construction costs. On the other hand, the high potential of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) in concrete industry was established by extensive experimental researches were performe...

Abstract In recent years sustainability in all domains is expected to be implemented, and Civil Engineering the importance of has addressed with utmost care. Keeping this as main concern there been an increasing trend study self-healing materials concrete. Self healing have ability heal concrete once crack formed. These are a family super so-called “smart materials”, characterized for their ret...