See online version for legend and references. Autosomal-dominant nonsyndromic deafness (DFNA1), myeloproliferative defects, defects in T lymphocyte traffi cking and proliferation, tumor cell invasion, defects in natural killer lymphocyte function DIAPH2 (mDia3) Cdc42 Kinetochore Stable microtubule attachment to kinetochore for chromosome alignment Premature ovarian failure DIAPH3 (mDia2) Increa...

The immediate snapshot complexes were introduced as combinatorial models for the protocol complexes in the context of theoretical distributed computing. In the previous work we have developed a formal language of witness structures in order to define and to analyze these complexes. In this paper, we study topology of immediate snapshot complexes. It is known that these complexes are always pure...

(Cell 146, 633–644; August 19, 2011) In theDiscussionof theabovearticle,weneglected tociteChaffer et al. (2011),who recently identifiedplasticity in cancercell populations inwhich non-stemcancer cells cangive rise to cancer stem-like cells. Their findings, togetherwithour analysesof breast cancer cell lines and their ability to regenerate equilibrium populations of stem and non-stem cells, esta...

Innate immunity is the organism’s first line of defence, and receptors immune cells play a key role. Interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK1 IRAK4) are necessary for signal transmission from Toll-like receptors, which most important cells. The main objective this study was to investigate gene polymorphisms IRAK1 IRAK4 in Czech Fleckvieh cattle (CF) to compare their diversity with...

This paper presents snapshot algorithms for determining a consistent global state of a distributed system without significantly affecting the underlying computation. These algorithms do not require channels to be FIFO or messages to be acknowledged. Only a small amount of storage is needed. An important application of a snapshot algorithm is Global Virtual Time determination for distributed sim...

objective(s): candidiasis infection caused by candida albicans has been known as a major problem in patients with immune disorders. the objective of this study was to genotype the c. albicans isolates obtained from oral cavity of patients with positive human immunodeficiency virus (hiv+) with or/and without oropharyngeal candidiasis (opc). materials and methods:a total of 100 c. albicans isolat...