Output per worker varies enormously across countries. Why? On an accounting basis, our analysis shows that differences in physical capital and educational attainment can only partially explain the variation in output per worker — we find a large amount of variation in the level of the Solow residual across countries. At a deeper level, we document that the differences in capital accumulation, p...

Abstract: Some scholars of the Interwar Debate on Socialism argue that the trial and error method developed by Taylor (1929), Lange (1938), and Dickinson (1939) proved that socialism could match or outperform capitalism. Other scholars argue that the trial and error method of simulating markets was an illegitimate compromise between true socialism and capitalism. The market socialists failed to...

T last half of the twentieth century was marked by steady advance in the ubiquity of information and communication technologies (ICTs) throughout the industrialized world. The emergence of a significant “digital divide” between industrialized and developing countries is reproducing existing patterns of inequality with regard to these new technologies (Castells, 1996). During this same period, h...

What is social capital? In answering this question, the paper reports on new research which differentiates between the social interactive processes and social capital as the product of that process. Following a review of literature, structured as a social theory against which social capital might be understood, the paper then describes a study of a rural community, and reports on two analyses o...

Social capital has proven to be a useful concept, but has been ill-defined and not wellmeasured in the economics literature. We propose a different empirical method for measuring social capital, latent class analysis, based on the idea that social capital is an unobservable multidimensional construct. We explain and demonstrate the construction of latent classes that measure an individual’s soc...

We prove that the boundary of a (not necessarily connected) bounded smooth set with constant nonlocal mean curvature is a sphere. More generally, and in contrast with what happens in the classical case, we show that the Lipschitz constant of the nonlocal mean curvature of such a boundary controls its C-distance from a single sphere. The corresponding stability inequality is obtained with a shar...

While online, some people self-disclose or act out more frequently or intensely than they would in person. This article explores six factors that interact with each other in creating this online disinhibition effect: dissociative anonymity, invisibility, asynchronicity, solipsistic introjection, dissociative imagination, and minimization of authority. Personality variables also will influence t...

We calculate the transverse double-spin asymmetry for the production of dimuons in pp collisions as function of the dimuon rapidity and mass to next-to-leading order accuracy in the strong coupling constant. Predictions for Bnl-Rhic and Hera~ N are made by assuming a saturation of Soffer’s inequality at a low hadronic input scale. It seems unlikely that transversity can be measured in dimuon pr...

Among race theorists, the view that race is a social construction is widespread. While the term ‘social construction’ is sometimes intended tomeanmerely that race does not (as once believed) constitute a robust, biological natural kind, it often labels the stronger position that race is real, but not a biological kind. For example, Charles Mills (1998) writes that, ‘‘the task of those working o...

social capital is a multi-faceted phenomenon in social sciences that massively affects many social fields. it can be a helpful factor in promoting health. among the groups with high burnout, nurses have always shown higher levels of burnout. studies have revealed that social capital can be an important factor affecting burnout. this study aimed to determine the extent of the effect of social ca...