OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of different sodium concentrations in replacement fluids on haematological variables and endurance performance during prolonged exercise. METHODS Thirteen female endurance athletes completed three four hour runs on a 400 m track. Environmental conditions differed between the three trials: 5.3 degrees C and snow (trial 1), 19.0 degrees C and sunny weather (t...

1. Erythrocyte sodium, sodium transport (ouabain-sensitive efflux rate of sodium, OM& and ouabain-sensitive efflux rate constant of sodium, "KONL.), sodium-potassium activated ouabain-sensitive adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase) activity and ['Hlouabainbinding capacity were measured in 15 patients with chronic ren'al failure and in 10 healthy subjects. 2. As a group, patients with chronic...

Primary aldosteronism is an uncommon cause of hypertension but one of particular interest because of its distinctive pathophysiological mechanism of blood pressure elevation. Aldosterone has been associated with increased Na+,K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, but there is controversy over which sodium transport parameters are responsible for this increase. We measured intracellular...

a sodium salt of 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzeneacetic acid, is an important non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug used in rheumatology. 1 In this paper we present the crystal structure of diclofenac sodium pentahydrate (C14H10Cl2NO2) – Na + ·5H2O along with its unique sodium distorted linkage, which were recrystallized from a matrix of chitosan and diclofenac sodium. Ethyl acetate was added ...

BACKGROUND We have demonstrated that cardiotonic steroids, such as ouabain, signaling through the Na/K-ATPase, regulate sodium reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. By direct carbonylation modification of the Pro222 residue in the actuator (A) domain of pig Na/K-ATPase α1 subunit, reactive oxygen species are required for ouabain-stimulated Na/K-ATPase/c-Src signaling and subsequent regulat...

Lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is associated with increased renal sodium excretion in addition to severe urinary concentrating defects. However, the molecular basis for this altered renal sodium excretion remains undefined. The amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (ENaC) is expressed in the renal connecting tubule and collecting duct and is essential in renal regulation of body so...

The uptake of guanethidine (3.3×10-5 M), debrisoquin (8.4×10-4 M), bretyliun (5.0 10-4 M) and xylocholine (1.0×10-3 M) by adrenergic neuron was studied indirectly by testing the ability of noradrenaline (NA) regarding low temp. or sodium deprivation to prevent or reverse adrenergic neuron blocking action in the indirectly stimulated ...

Dynamic modulation of ion channels can produce dramatic alterations of electrical excitability in cardiac myocytes. This study addresses the effects of the Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn on Na(V)1.5 cardiac sodium channels. Sodium currents were acquired by whole cell recording on HEK-293 cells transiently expressing Na(V)1.5. Acute treatment of cells with insulin caused a depolarizing shift in ...

1. Analysis of sodium loss from Mytilus cerebro-visceral connectives indicated a slow efflux component attributable to movement across the cellular membranes. This component was significantly slowed at 4 C, or by treatment with DNP, ouabain or K-free media; this implies that a conventional Na/K exchange pump contributes to cellular efflux. 2. Dose-response curves for the effects of ouabain on c...

Extracellular nucleotides acting through P2 receptors facilitate natriuresis. To define how purinergic mechanisms are involved in sodium homeostasis, we used transgenic (TG) mice that globally overexpress human CD39 (hCD39, NTPDase1), an ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes extracellular ATP/ADP to AMP, resulting in an altered extracellular purine profile. On a high-sodium diet (HSD, 3.5% Na(+)), u...