A new method to deal with an unexpected harmful variability (noise) in speech during the operation of the system is reviewed. The fundamental idea is to derive in the training phase statistics of the system output for the data on which the system was trained and adaptively modify the system so that statistics derived during the operation are similar. Multiple processing streams are formed by ex...

In recent times a complete lack of attention to migration phenomena, in national and global policies, led to a huge concentration of foreigners in major cities of Europe and USA. This trend has been faced without effective policies and programs. Consequently, a great opportunity has been transformed in a great threat and the word immigration is generally associated with the term social security...

Recognition and analysis of spatial autocorrelation has defined a new paradigm in ecology. Attention to spatial pattern can lead to insights that would have been otherwise overlooked, while ignoring space may lead to false conclusions about ecological relationships. We used Gaussian spatial autoregressive models, fit with widely available software, to examine breeding habitat relationships for ...

The literature on the measurement of regional convergence at different spatial scales and over different time periods is extensive. This study explores the potential role of variations in European regional technical efficiency as a contributing factor in providing explanation for convergence or divergence. To control for spatial dependence among regions, the paper uses a spatial stochastic fron...