Most existing integrated circuit reliability models assume a uniform, typically worst-case, operating temperature, but temporal and spatial temperature variations affect expected device lifetime. As a result, design decisions and dynamic thermal management techniques using worst-case models are pessimistic and result in excessive design margins and unnecessary runtime engagement (and associated...

Accurate localization of sound in 3-D space is based on variations in the spectrum of sound sources. These variations arise mainly from reflection and diffraction effects caused by the pinnae and are described through a set of Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTF's) that are unique for each azimuth and elevation angle. A virtual sound source can be rendered in the desired location by filtering...

background : the restriction in resources of health services renders the prioritization of the distribution of these resources necessary. the health care need index is used to investigate equality in distribution of health services. the main aim of the current study was to estimate this index for skin cancer in iran by involving the effect of adjacent regions. methods: the present study was a c...

Within the framework of uncertainty-based geographic information science, this paper addresses modeling uncertainties in integrating multiple sources of data, modeling uncertainty in overlay analysis, modeling uncertainty in line simplification, uncertainty-based spatial data mining, uncertainty-based spatial queries, theory and methods for controlling the quality of spatial data, modeling unce...

This paper considers downhole directional drilling systems in the presence of unexpected variations in steering force, input delays, measurement noise and measurement delays, and explores the application of L1 adaptive controller for the trajectory control problem. The Explicit Force, Finitely Sharp, Zero Mass (EFFSZM) model is used for the steering system, in which spatial delays, modeling ina...

Deep submicron technology makes interconnect one of the main factors determining the circuit performance. Previous work shows that interconnect parameters exhibit a significant amount of spatial variation. In this work, we develop approaches to study the influence of the interconnect variation on circuit performance and to evaluate the circuit sensitivity to interconnect parameters. First, an a...

Existing IC reliability models assume a uniform, typically worst-case, operating temperature, but temporal and spatial temperature variations affect expected device lifetime. This paper presents a model that accounts for temperature gradients, dramatically improving interconnect and gate-oxide lifetime prediction accuracy. By modeling expected lifetime as a resource that is consumed over time a...

Soil depth is an important input parameter in hydrological and ecological modeling. Presently, the soil depth data available in national soil databases (STATSGO, SSURGO) is provided as averages within generalized land units. Spatial uncertainty within these units limits their applicability for spatially distributed modeling. This work reports a statistical model for prediction of soil depth in ...